Factors affecting ANC women’s satisfaction with communication skills of health care providers - Jepngetich, Hellen; Baliddawa, Joice; Kipkulei, Japheth (ISDS, 2013)

Factors affecting teachers' implementation of curriculum reforms and educational policies in schools: The Kenyan experience - Syomwene, A. (Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org, 2013)

Factors associated with willingness to accept a routine offer of HIV test in a large referral hospital in western Kenya. - Mangeni, JN; Ballidawa, J.B.; Ndege, S. (East African Journal of Public Health, 2013)

Factors influencing farm crime in Kenya: Opinions and experiences of farmers - Bunei, Emmanuel K; Rono, Joseph K; Samuel R. Chessa (Ohio State University. Libraries, 2013)

Factors that militate against effective guidance and counseling on students’ sexual awareness, attitude and behavior in schools - Songok A; Yungungu A.M; Mulinge P (American International Journal of Social Sciences (AIJSS) (Print ISBN: 2325-4149, Online: ISSN: 2325-4165), 2013)

Financial incentives and coverage of child health interventions: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Bassani, D. G.; Arora, P.; Wazny, K.; Gaffey, M. F.; Lenters, L.; Bhutta, Z. A. (BMC Public Health, 2013)

Fish production practices of smallholder farmers in western Kenya - Charo-Karisa, H; Omasaki, SK; Isaac S. Kosgey (2013)

Fish production practices of smallholder farmers in western Kenya - Omasaki, Simion K; Charo-Karisa, Harrison; Isaac S. Kosgey (Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2013)

Fish production practices of smallholder farmers in western Kenya - Charo-Karisa, H; Omasaki, SK; Isaac S. Kosgey (2013)

Frequency and factors associated with adherence to and completion of combination antiretroviral therapy for prevention of mother to child transmission in western Kenya - Ayuo, Paul; Musick, Beverly; Liu, Hai; Braitstein, Paula; Nyandiko, Winstone; Otieno-Nyunya, Boaz; Gardner, Adrian; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara (Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2013)

Functional outcomes of the knee after retrograde and antegrade intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures - Njoroge, AN; Mwangi, HR; Lelei, LK (Annals of African surgery, 2013)

Gender, Deviance and Rehabilitation: Evidence from Kenyan Penal System - Akong’a (Gender practices and Challenges: A call for Accountability, 2013)

Gender differences in drinking, mood symptoms and risk behaviors among HIV-infected outpatients in western kenya - R. K. Papas; Gakinya, B.N; Sidle, J. E.; Martino, S.; J. B. Baliddawa; Carroll, K.M.; Maisto, SA (ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH, 2013)

Gender Representation in Kenya’s Hospitality Industry: A Connection to Tourism Entrepreneurial Aptitude - G. K. Riungu; Kiprutto, N.; Kibe, J.; Kiama, F.W. (Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports, 2013)

Global burden of cardiovascular disease - Sliwa, Karen; Mayosi, BM; Bloomfield, GS; Mwangi, A.; Chege, P; Simiyu, CJ; Aswa, DF; Odhiambo, D; Obala, AA; Ayuo, P; others (2013)

Harnessing Alternative Conflict Resolution Strategies for Sustainable Peace and Development in Kenya: A Civil Society Perspective. In: Ontita, E. G, E. M. Mwenzwa & J. A. Misati. (Eds). Themes in Contemporary Community Devel - Chesire, M. A. (Themes in Contemporary Community Development in Africa: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective., 2013)

Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the adaptation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches - Kamanda, A.; Embleton, L.; Ayuku, D.; Atwoli, L.; Gisore, P.; Ayaya, S.; Vreeman, R.; Braitstein, P. (BMC Public Health, 2013)

Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the adaptation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches - Kamanda, Allan; Embleton, Lonnie; Ayuku, David; Atwoli, Lukoye; Peter Gisore; Ayaya, Samuel; Vreeman, Rachel; Braitstein, Paula (BMC Public Health, 2013)
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that involves the equitable participation of those affected by an issue. As the field of global public health grows, the potential of CBPR to build capacity and to engage communities in identification of problems and development and implementation of solutions in sub-Saharan Africa has yet to be fully tapped. The Orphaned and Separated Children's Assessments Related to their Health and Well-Being (OSCAR) project is a longitudinal cohort of orphaned and non-orphaned children in Kenya. This paper will describe how CBPR approaches and principles can be incorporated and adapted into the study design and methods of a longitudinal epidemiological study in sub-Saharan Africa using this project as an example.

Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the adaptation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches - Kamanda, A.; Embleton, L.; Ayuku, D. (BMC Public Health., 2013)

Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the adaptation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches - Kamanda, A.; Embleton, L.; Ayuku, D.; Atwoli, L.; Gisore, P.; Ayaya, S. (BMC Public Health, 2013)

{Harnessing the power of the grassroots to conduct public health research in sub-Saharan Africa: a case study from western Kenya in the adaptation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches.} - Kamanda, A.; Embleton, L.; Ayuku, D.; Atwoli, L.; Gisore, P.; Ayaya, S.; Vreeman, R.; Braitstein, P. (BMC public health, 2013)
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a collaborative approach to research that involves the equitable participation of those affected by an issue. As the field of global public health grows, the potential of CBPR to build capacity and to engage communities in identification of problems and development and implementation of solutions in sub-Saharan Africa has yet to be fully tapped. The Orphaned and Separated Children's Assessments Related to their Health and Well-Being (OSCAR) project is a longitudinal cohort of orphaned and non-orphaned children in Kenya. This paper will describe how CBPR approaches and principles can be incorporated and adapted into the study design and methods of a longitudinal epidemiological study in sub-Saharan Africa using this project as an example. The CBPR framework we used involves problem identification, feasibility and planning; implementation; and evaluation and dissemination. This case study will describe how we have engaged the community and adapted CBPR methods to OSCAR's Health and Well-being Project's corresponding to this framework in four phases: 1) community engagement, 2) sampling and recruitment, 3) retention, validation, and follow-up, and 4) analysis, interpretation and dissemination. To date the study has enrolled 3130 orphaned and separated children, including children living in institutional environments, those living in extended family or other households in the community, and street-involved children and youth. Community engagement and participation was integral in refining the study design and identifying research questions that were impacting the community. Through the participation of village Chiefs and elders we were able to successfully identify eligible households and randomize the selection of participants. The on-going contribution of the community in the research process has been vital to participant retention and data validation while ensuring cultural and community relevance and equity in the research agenda. CBPR methods have the ability to enable and strengthen epidemiological and public health research in sub-Saharan Africa within the social, political, economic and cultural contexts of the diverse communities on the continent. This project demonstrates that adaptation of these methods is crucial to the successful implementation of a community-based project involving a highly vulnerable population.

he Wss Po-Matrix Completion For Digraphs of 2x2, 3x3 Matrices and 4x4 Matrices For Q = 0, 1, 2, 3 And 4. - Abuga, J., Kivunge, B., Muchemi, J., Koech, W.,; Matuya, J. (International Journal of Innovative Research & studies, 2013)

Is Health of the Aging Improved by Conditional Cash Transfer Programs? - Behrman, J. R.; Parker, S. W. (2013)

The Health Status of Street Children and Youth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Literature - Woan, J.; Lin, J.; Auerswald, C. (J Adolesc Heal, 2013)

The health status of street children and youth in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature - Woan, J.; Lin, J.; Auerswald, C. (J Adolesc Health, 2013)

The Health Status of Street Children and Youth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: a systematic review of the literature - Woan, J.; Lin, J.; Auerswald, C. (J Adolesc Health, 2013)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Africa: a review - Karoney, Mercy Jelagat; Siika, Abraham Mogisi (Pan African medical journal, 2013)

Heshimu Ukuta: Local-language Radio and the Performance of Fan Culture in Kenya - PETER TIROP SIMATEI (Popular Culture in Africa, 2013)

high Nutrition Biscuits As A Supplement To Increase Animal Protein In Diets Of Hiv-infected Kenyan Women And Their Children - Ernst, J; Ettyang, G.; Neumann, C (Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 2013)

High prevalence of HIV/AIDS risky sexual behaviors among street youth in gondar town: a community based cross sectional study - Tadesse, N.; Awoke Ayele, T.; Birhanu Mengesha, Z.; Addis Alene, K. (BMC Res Notes, 2013)

Histological review of skin cancers in persons with albinism living in Tanzania: A 10 year retrospective study - Kiprono, S; Chaula, B; Beltraminelli, Helmut (Dermatologica Helvetica, 2013)

Hotspot2.0 and Next Generation Hotspot:A Driving Technology in Shaping the Future of higher Education - Luke, Rotich:Alex, Muumbo; Bateta, George; Kipkoech, Phillip (Moi University 9th Annual International Conference:Social, Economic and Technological Transformation in the 21st Century", 2013)

" I was stranger and you welcomed me......." Jesus Teaching on hospitality with special reference to matthew 25: 31-46 - Choge, Emily Jeptepkeny (2013)

Identification of morphophysiological characteristics associated with drought tolerance in selected chickpea germplasms in Nakuru and Baringo counties, Kenya - Kirui Grace Jerotich and Njoka Mugendi Fredrick (2013)

Immunohaematologic and Viral Profiles in AIDS associated Kaposis's Sarcoma pateints - Torrorrey, Rispah; Chemtai, Alex; Alouch, J; Wekesa, J; Patel, Kirtika (The Kenya Journal of Health Sciences, 2013)

Impact of Openness, Foreign Direct Investment and Gross Capital Formation on Economic Growth in Kenya. - Soi, N.; Buigut, K.; Kibet, J.; Koskei, I. (Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2013)

The impact of School Environment and Peer Influences on Students’ Academic Performance in Vihiga County, Kenya. - Korir, D.K.; Kipkemboi, F. (International Journal of Humanities and Social Science., 2013)

The Impact of Secondary School Teachers’ Attitudes and Challenges on the Teaching and Learning of History and Government in Wareng District, Kenya - Ruto, Z.J.; M.N. Agumba (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Review Volume, 2013)

The Impact of Secondary School Teachers’ Attitudes and Challenges on the Teaching and Learning of History and Government in Wareng District, Kenya - Ruto, Z.J.; M.N. Agumba (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Review Volume, 2013)

Inaugural Lecture: Engineering Polymeric Composite Materials: a Tool to Fast Track Kenya's Technological Development - Wambua, Paul Mwanzia (Moi University Press, 2013)

Indigenous and popular Islamic therapies of restoring health and countering sorcery among the Digo of Kenya - Ndzovu, Hassan Juma (Academic Journals, 2013)

The influence of Emotional intelligence on Academic Performance in learning institutions in Uasin Gishu County - Onyiego, S.; Ongeri L. (Journal of Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2013)

Influence of gender expectations on students’ attitudes towards learning of science in secondary schools in Keiyo district Kenya - Barmao Paul, Kirui Grace and Chemjor Kibet (2013)

Influence of Keiyo Traditional Circumcision on Aspirations for Higher Education Among Boys in Secondary Schools, Keiyo South District, Elgeyo-Marakwet County, Kenya - Chang’ach, J (American International Journal of Contemporary Research, 2013)

Influence of Land Size on Adoption of Jatropha Curcas in Yatta District, Kenya (Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2013)

The Influence of residents’ awareness and demographic Characteristics on their use of defluoridated Water in Nakuru town, Kenya. - Ochieng Maurine Akinyi & Evangeline Mwikali Kyende. (2013)

The Influence of Social Organization among Street Children on Their Survival on the Streets - Oino, Peter Gutwa; Sorre, Benard Mwori; Bor, Eric Kiprono (International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), India Online, 2013)

Interspecific variation in the distribution of ungulates relative to human infrastructure surrounding Amboseli National Park - Howe, Marian; Okello, Moses M; Davis, Jeremy M (African Zoology, 2013)

Interventions for promoting reintegration and reducing harmful behaviour and lifestyles in street-connected children and young people - Coren, E.; Hossain, R.; Pardo, J. P.; Veras, M. M.; Chakraborty, K.; Harris, H. (Evidence-Based Child Heal, 2013)

An investigation of yielding and drought tolerance of chickpea germplasm in Nakuru and Baringo counties (Kirui Grace Jerotich, 2013)

JAMA Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery Peer Reviewers in 2013 - Abemayor, Elliot; Adunka, Oliver F; Agrawal, Amit; Aiken, Ashley H; Alon, Eran Emanuel; Alt, Jeremiah; Andersen, Peter E; Angeli, Simon I; Antonelli, Patrick; Aouad, Rony K; others (JAMA, 2013)

The Journey of Addiction: Barriers to and Facilitators of Drug Use Cessation among Street Children and Youths in Western Kenya - Embleton, Lonnie; Atwoli, Lukoye; Ayuku, David; Braitstein, Paula (PLOS ONE, 2013)
This mixed-methods study examined barriers to and facilitators of street children’s drug use cessation in Eldoret, Kenya utilizing a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions with a community-based sample of street-involved children and youth. The primary objective of this study was to describe factors that may assist or impede cessation of drug use that can be utilized in developing substance use interventions for this marginalized population. In 2011, 146 children and youth ages 10–19 years, classified as either children on the street or children of the street were recruited to participate in the cross-sectional survey. Of the 146 children that participated in the survey 40 were invited to participate in focus group discussion; 30 returned voluntarily to participate in the discussions. Several themes were derived from children’s narratives that described the barriers to and facilitators of drug cessation. Specifically, our findings reveal the strength of the addiction to inhalants, the dual role that peers and family play in substance use, and how the social, cultural, and economic context influence or impede cessation. Our findings demonstrate the need to integrate community, family and peers into any intervention in addition to traditional medical and psychological models for treatment of substance use dependence.

The journey of addiction: barriers to and facilitators of drug use cessation among street children and youths in western Kenya - Embleton, L.; Atwoli, L.; Ayuku, D.; Braitstein, P. (PLoS One, 2013)

{The Journey of Addiction: Barriers to and Facilitators of Drug Use Cessation among Street Children and Youths in Western Kenya} - Embleton, L.; Atwoli, L.; Ayuku, D.; Braitstein, P. (PLoS ONE, 2013)
This mixed-methods study examined barriers to and facilitators of street children's drug use cessation in Eldoret, Kenya utilizing a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions with a community-based sample of street-involved children and youth. The primary objective of this study was to describe factors that may assist or impede cessation of drug use that can be utilized in developing substance use interventions for this marginalized population. In 2011, 146 children and youth ages 10-19 years, classified as either children on the street or children of the street were recruited to participate in the cross-sectional survey. Of the 146 children that participated in the survey 40 were invited to participate in focus group discussion; 30 returned voluntarily to participate in the discussions. Several themes were derived from children's narratives that described the barriers to and facilitators of drug cessation. Specifically, our findings reveal the strength of the addiction to inhalants, the dual role that peers and family play in substance use, and how the social, cultural, and economic context influence or impede cessation. Our findings demonstrate the need to integrate community, family and peers into any intervention in addition to traditional medical and psychological models for treatment of substance use dependence. © 2013 Embleton et al.

The journey of addiction: barriers to and facilitators of drug use cessation among street children and youths in Western Kenya - Embleton, L.; Atwoli, L.; Ayuku, D.; Braitstein, P. (PLoS One, 2013)

Land Cover Change and Deforestation in Gazetted Maji Mazuri Forest, Kenya - Gichuho, Chege Moses; Njoroge, Simon Mburu; Wambui, Wanjau Faith (International Journal of Science and Research, 2013)
Loss of forest cover and forest degradation are of global and national concern. Among other things, such changes can lead to reduction in stream discharges, increased erosion and loss of biodiversity, which may alter the functioning and values of affected ecosystems. This study used three Landsat images acquired in 1975, 1986 and 2005, to determine land cover changes and likely environmental impacts in Maji Mazuri forest in Kenya. The results of the analysis showed that between 1975 and 2005, natural forest decreased by about 42.31%. The likely environmental impacts include loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, and changes in forest hydrology. All stakeholders should be involved in policy formulation and implementation for better management of this important ecological resource.

Land ownership and its impact on adoption of agroforestry practices among rural households in Kenya: a case of Busia county - Mugure, Agnes; Oino, Peter Gutwa; Sorre, Benard Mwori; others (International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, 2013)

Learning resources used in the Teaching of Kiswahili Oral Literature in Kenya - Agufana, Peace Byrne; Ogechi, Nathan Oyori (Journal of Technology & Socio Development, 2013)

Leisure time use in Kenya, an assessment of university undergraduate students in Eldoret Town - Rop, Wendy; others (Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2013)

Liquidity, Capital Adequacy and Operating Efficiency of Commercial Banks in Kenya - R.M. Odunga; P. M. Nyangweso; D. K. Nkobe (Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2013)

Losing Innocence, Gaining Awareness: The Second Volume of Ngugi wa Thiong’o’s Memoirs - Ndogo, S (Online Journal of African Affairs, 2013)

Lost indeed, but not in translation - Embleton, Lonnie; Ayuku, David; Braitstein, Paula (Addiction, 2013)

Macroeconomic determinants of stock market development in emerging markets: Evidence from Kenya - Josphat Kipkorir Kemboi; Daniel Kipkirong Tarus (Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 2013)

Magical Realism and Utopian / Dystopian Impulses in Said Ahmed Moahmed’s Babu Alipofufuka - Peter Simatei (Utopia/Dystopia: Imagining Society in Swahili Fiction, 2013)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) patterns among patients with low back pain attending MRI centres in Eldoret, Kenya - Orege, Juliette A (Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya, 2013)

Malaria and HIV/AIDS: The Impact of Their co-infection. A Focus on sub-Saharan Africa - "Kirinyet, J. K." (Utafiti Foundation, Zion Mall, Eldoret. website: www.utafitifoundation.com, 2013)

Malaria parasitemia among febrile children infected with human immunideficiency virus in the context of prophylactic cotrimoxazole as a standard of care: a cross-sectional survey in western Kenya. - I.K. Marete, M. Mutungi, L. Zipporah, A. Obala, J. Simba, A. Mwangi,; F. Esamai. (East African Medical Journal, 2013)

Maltreatment experiences and associated factors prior to admission to residential care: A sample of institutionalized children and youth in western Kenya - Gillian Morantz; Cole, Donald C; Ayaya, Samuel; Ayuku, David; Braitstein, Paula (Child Abuse & Neglect, 2013)
Objectives This study aims to determine the prevalence of maltreatment experienced by institutionalized children prior to their admission to Charitable Children's Institutions (orphanages) in western Kenya, and to describe their socio-demographic characteristics, reasons for admission, and the factors associated with prior experiences of maltreatment. Methods A systematic file review was undertaken in five CCIs. Demographic, prior caregiving settings and maltreatment data were extracted. Forms of maltreatment were recorded according to WHO and ISPCAN guidelines. Logistic regression was used in bivariate and multivariable analyses of factors associated with reasons for placement and forms of maltreatment. Results A total of 462 files were reviewed. The median (interquartile range) age of children was 6.8 (5.08) years at admission, 56% were male, and 71% had lost one or both parents. The reasons for admission were destitution (36%), abandonment (22%), neglect (21%), physical/sexual abuse (8%), and lack of caregiver (8%). The majority of child and youth residents had experienced at least one form of maltreatment (66%): physical abuse (8%), sexual abuse (2%), psychological abuse (28%), neglect (26%), medical neglect (18%), school deprivation (38%), abandonment (30%), and child labor (23%). The most common reason for non-orphans to be admitted was maltreatment (90%), whereas the most common reason for orphans to be admitted was destitution (49%). Girls (adjusted odds ratio, AOR: .61, 95% CI: .39–.95) and orphans (AOR: .04, 95% CI: .01–.17) were both independently less likely to have a history of maltreatment irrespective of whether it was the reason for admission. Children whose primary caregiver had not been a parent (AOR: .36, 95% CI: .15–.86) and orphans (AOR: .17, 95% CI: .06–.44) were less likely to have been admitted for maltreatment, while children who were separated from siblings were more likely to have been admitted for maltreatment (AOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.01–2.60). Conclusions The high prevalence of maltreatment prior to admission, particularly among nonorphans, suggests the need for better child abuse and neglect prevention programs in communities, and psychosocial support services in institutions. The significant proportion of children admitted for poverty, predominantly among orphans, indicates that community-based poverty-reduction programs might reduce the need for institutionalization.
Keywords: Abuse; Africa; Institution; Neglect; Orphan; Residential care

Management of pupil discipline in Kenya: A case study of Kisumu Municipality ISSN 2441-5161 - Ouma, M.A.; Simatwa, M.W; Serem, DK (Educational Research Journal, 2013)

Materials and instructional approaches used by secondary school teachers of Kiswahili oral literature in Marakwet District, Kenya - Busienei, Agnes J (Sabinet, 2013)

Materials and instructional approaches used by secondary school teachers of Kiswahili oral literature in Marakwet District, Kenya - Suter, Eunice; Busienei, Agnes J (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2013)

Measuring Performance of Minor Event Management Ventures in Kenya - Korir, Jacqueline; Imbaya, Beatrice; others (Developing Country Studies, 2013)

Monitoring of Educational Technology progress to enhance the quality of graduate teachers from the Kenyan Universities - Mwaka, M.; Wambua, B; K, Syomwene; A. Kitainge; K (European Scientific Journal, 2013)

Monitoring of educational technology progress to enhance the quality of graduate teachers from the Kenyan universities - Mwaka, Marcella; Wambua, Benjamin Kyalo; Syomwene, Anne; Kitainge, Kisilu (European Scientific Journal, 2013)

A multilevel analysis of the effect of Malawi's Social Cash Transfer Pilot Scheme on school-age children's health - Luseno, W. K.; Singh, K.; Handa, S.; Suchindran, C. (Health Policy Plan, 2013)

Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in Kenya: evidence from a health and demographic surveillance system using the WHO STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance - Bloomfield, Gerald S; ann Mwangi; Chege, Patrick; Simiyu, Chrispinus J; Aswa, Daniel F; Odhiambo, David; Obala, Andrew A; Ayuo, Paul; Khwa-Otsyula, Barasa O (Heart, 2013)

Mushrooming of middle level tourism and hospitality training colleges and quality of higher education: A case study of Eldoret Town-Kenya - Manono, George; Kieti, Damiannah; Momanyi, Stephen (Journal of Education and Practice, 2013)

Nafasi ya Lugha na Vyombo vingine vya Kimawasiliano katika Vita Dhidi ya UKIMWI Nchini Kenya - Kandagor, Mosol (Kioo cha Lugha, 2013)

The national goals of education in Kenya: Interrogating the achievement of national unity - Mwaka, Marcella; Kafwa, Violet Nabwire; Musamas, Josephine Kemboi; Wambua, Benjamin Kyalo (IISTE, 2013)

Nature of interactions during laboratory teaching and learning of secondary school science by teachers and students in Kenya - Chemjor Kibet, Barmao Paul and Kirui Grace J (– International Journal of advanced Research, 2013)

A new method of constructing third order rotatable design - Mutai, C. K.; Koske, J. K.; Mutiso, J. M. (Far East J. Theoretical Statist, 2013)

Nonadherence to clinic appointments among HIV-infected children in an ambulatory care program in western Kenya - Nyandiko, Winstone; Vreeman, Rachel; Liu, Hai; Shangani, Sylvia; Edwin Sang; Ayaya, Samuel; Braitstein, Paula (JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2013)

Nutrition News for Africa November - Zlotkin, S; Newton, S; Aimone, AM; Azindow, I; Amenga-Etego, S; Tchum, K; Mahama, E; Thorpe, KE (JAMA, 2013)

nutritional status and dietary iron intake of adolescent expectant mothers attending antenatal clinics in Eldoret West District-Kenya - Omondi, LA; Ettyang, G. A.; Kwena, AM (Maternal and Child Nutrition, 2013)

Nutritional status of children admitted for diarrhoeal diseases in a referral hospital in Western Kenya - I Marete, J Simba, P Gisore, C Tenge, D Bosire, A Mwangi,; F. Esamai. (East African medical journal, 2013)

Nutritional status of children admitted for diarrhoeal diseases in a referral hospital in Western Kenya - I. Marete; Simba, J; Peter Gisore; C. Tenge; Bosire, D; Mwangi, A.; Esamai, F. (East African medical journal, 2013)

Nutritional status of orphaned and separated children and adolescents living in community and institutional environments in uasin gishu county, kenya - Braitstein, P.; Ayaya, S.; Nyandiko, W.M.; Kamanda, A.; Koech, J.; Gisore, P. (PLoS One, 2013)

Nutritional Status of Orphaned and Separated Children and Adolescents Living in Community and Institutional Environments in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya - Braitstein, Paula; Ayaya, Samuel; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Kamanda, Allan; Koech, Julius; Peter Gisore; Atwoli, Lukoye; Vreeman, Rachel C.; Duefield, Corey; Ayuku, David O. (PLOS ONE, 2013)
Objective To describe the nutritional status of orphaned and separated children and adolescents (OSCA) living in households in the community (HH), on the street, and those in institutional environments in western Kenya. Methods The study enrolled OSCA from 300 randomly selected households (HH), 19 Charitable Children’s Institutions (CCIs), and 100 street-involved children. Measures of malnutrition were standardized with Z-scores using World Health Organization criteria; Z-scores ≤-2 standard deviations (sd) were moderate-severe malnutrition. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for child age, sex, HIV status, whether the child had been hospitalized in the previous year, time living with current guardian, and intra-household clustering for adequacy of diet and moderate-severe malnutrition. Results Included are data from 2862 participants (1337 in CCI’s, 1425 in HH’s, and 100 street youth). The population was 46% female with median age at enrolment of 11.1 years. Only 4.4% of households and institutions reported household food security; 93% of children in HH reported an adequate diet vs. 95% in CCI’s and 99% among street youth. After adjustment, OSCA in HH were less likely to have an adequate diet compared to those in CCI’s (AOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–1.0). After adjustment, there were no differences between the categories of children on weight-for-age, weight-for-height, or BMI-for-age. Children living in HH (AOR 2.6, 95% CI: 2.0–3.4) and street youth (AOR: 5.9, 95% CI: 3.6–9.5) were more likely than children in CCI’s to be low height-for-age. Conclusion OSCA in HH are less likely to have an adequate diet compared to children in CCI’s. They and street children are more likely to be moderately-severely low height-for-age compared to children in CCI’s, suggesting chronic malnutrition among them.

{Nutritional Status of Orphaned and Separated Children and Adolescents Living in Community and Institutional Environments in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya} - Braitstein, P.; Ayaya, S.; Nyandiko, W.M.; Kamanda, A.; Koech, J.; Gisore, P.; Atwoli, L.; Vreeman, R.C.; Duefield, C.; Ayuku, D.O. (PLoS ONE, 2013)
Objective: To describe the nutritional status of orphaned and separated children and adolescents (OSCA) living in households in the community (HH), on the street, and those in institutional environments in western Kenya. Methods: The study enrolled OSCA from 300 randomly selected households (HH), 19 Charitable Children's Institutions (CCIs), and 100 street-involved children. Measures of malnutrition were standardized with Z-scores using World Health Organization criteria; Z-scores ≤-2 standard deviations (sd) were moderate-severe malnutrition. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for child age, sex, HIV status, whether the child had been hospitalized in the previous year, time living with current guardian, and intra-household clustering for adequacy of diet and moderate-severe malnutrition. Results: Included are data from 2862 participants (1337 in CCI's, 1425 in HH's, and 100 street youth). The population was 46{%} female with median age at enrolment of 11.1 years. Only 4.4{%} of households and institutions reported household food security; 93{%} of children in HH reported an adequate diet vs. 95{%} in CCI's and 99{%} among street youth. After adjustment, OSCA in HH were less likely to have an adequate diet compared to those in CCI's (AOR 0.4, 95{%} CI 0.2-1.0). After adjustment, there were no differences between the categories of children on weight-for-age, weight-for-height, or BMI-for-age. Children living in HH (AOR 2.6, 95{%} CI: 2.0-3.4) and street youth (AOR: 5.9, 95{%} CI: 3.6-9.5) were more likely than children in CCI's to be low height-for-age. Conclusion: OSCA in HH are less likely to have an adequate diet compared to children in CCI's. They and street children are more likely to be moderately-severely low height-for-age compared to children in CCI's, suggesting chronic malnutrition among them. © 2013 Braitstein et al.

OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY VICE CHANCELLOR ACADEMICS, RESEARCH AND EXTENSION - Nathan O. Ogechi (Moi University, 2013)

Optimun time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART): Vies from resource limited setting - Nyamaboba HDN; Mbuthia, G.; Biegon R.; Obel M. C (Kenya journal of health sciences, 2013)

ourism for development: Environmental sustainability, poverty reduction and empowering communities - Burugu, R. (Atlas Africa conference 2013, 2013)

The Pained Face in the Cracked Mirror: Postcolonial African Identity in the Form of Okot p’Bitek’s Song of Ocol - Tom Michael Mboya (The Nairobi Journal of Literature: the Journal of the Department of Literature, University of Nairobi, 2013)

Parental and community involvement in children's transition from Pre-primary school to class one in Soy Division, Eldoret West District, Uasin Gishu County. - Koskei, S. J.; Kafu, P.; Syomwene, A. (African Journal of Education, Science and Technology, 2013)

Patterns of head computerized tomographic scan findings in patients with head injury at Moi teaching and referral hospital - Koech, Kipchirchir Cornelius (Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya, 2013)

Perceptions of Parents with Children with Congenital Heart Disease at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya - Koech, Myra M; Ngeno, Titus K (Open Science Repository Medicine, 2013)

Pesticide Preferences and Pattern of Use along the Shore of Lake Naivasha, Kenya - Njoroge, Simon Mburu; Osano, Odipo; Munyao, Munyao Thomas; Gichuho, Chege Moses (Greener Journal of Environmental Management and Public Safety, 2013)
Improper pesticide application has resulted in high toxicity levels causing environmental risk. The objective of the study was to determine pesticide preferences and pattern of use in farms along the shore of Lake Naivasha. Interviewer administered questionnaires and researcher observation were used to collect data on pesticides being used and pattern of use in 20 major horticultural farms around Lake Naivasha. Secondary data from journals, standards and materials safety data sheets from manufacturers were also used to determine pesticide properties such as toxicity. The results showed there were 4.3% (6) WHO class I and 14.3% (20) class II pesticides of the 141 pesticides used along the shore of Lake Naivasha. The pattern of pesticide use in the area was moderate to high and all the farms were also using Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to control pests. It was concluded that some pesticides in WHO class I that were being used along the shore of Lake Naivasha (e.g. oxamyl, methomyl and fenamiphos) are very toxic to human beings and aquatic organisms since they cause cholinesterase inhibition poisoning by inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Keywords: Pesticides, Environmental pollution, integrated pest management, Lake Naivasha.

A phase I trial of aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy for treatment of oral leukoplakia - Wong, Stuart J; Campbell, Bruce; Massey, Becky; Lynch, Denis P; Cohen, Ezra EW; Blair, Elizabeth; Selle, Rebecca; Shklovskaya, Julia; Jovanovic, Borko D; Skripkauskas, Silvia; others (Oral oncology, 2013)

Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System as Innovative Solution to Increase Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency - Koech, Richard Kipyegon (International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 2013)

Piezoelectric properties of zinc oxide nanowires: an ab initio study - KK Korir, G Cicero, A Catellani (Nanotechnology, 2013)
Nanowires made of materials with non-centrosymmetric crystal structures are expected to be ideal building blocks for self-powered nanodevices due to their piezoelectric properties, yet a controversial explanation of the effective operational mechanisms and size effects still delays their real exploitation. To solve this controversy, we propose a methodology based on DFT calculations of the response of nanostructures to external deformations that allows us to distinguish between the different (bulk and surface) contributions: we apply this scheme to evaluate the piezoelectric properties of ZnO [0001] nanowires, with a diameter up to 2.3 nm. Our results reveal that, while surface and confinement effects are negligible, effective strain energies, and thus the nanowire mechanical response, are dependent on size. Our unified approach allows for a proper definition of piezoelectric coefficients for nanostructures, and explains in a rigorous way the reason why nanowires are found to be more sensitive to mechanical deformation than the corresponding bulk material.

Policy and Implementation - Aloka, Peter JO; Kimanthi, Moses Munyau; Ojwan’g, Millicent Adhiambo; Migwi, Christophe Mugambi; Kosgei, Zachariah K; Joshua, Keter K; Mbugua, Naomi Wairimu; Odhiambo, Fredrick O; Janerose, Mayabi Mulamba; Ireri, Bibiana Ruguru; others (2013)

Post Graduates Students Perception on the significance on a course on ‘Gender and Education’-(Chapter Seven) - Syomwene, A.; Kitainge, K. M. (Gender practices and challenges: A call for accountability, 2013)

Post Graduates Students Perception on the significance on a course on gender and education and its applicability in the teaching profession - Syomwene, A.; Kitainge, K. M. (Journal of Gender practices and challenges, 2013)

Pre-colonial traditional organization of the people of Vihiga and their early response to Friends’ African Mission’s Educational Initiatives in Kenya - Namatsi, Beatrice A (University of Nairobi, 2013)

Prevalence and determinants of under-and over-nutrition among adult Kenyan women; evidence from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2008–09 - Masibo, PK; Buluku, E; D. Menya; Malit, VC (East Afr J Public Health, 2013)

Prevalence of Depression among Medical Students in Kenyan Universities - Chesire, I.J.; Kodero, H.M.N.; Mulambula, S. M. (Kenyan Journal of Guidance, 2013)

Prevalence of Depression among Medical Students in Kenyan Universities - Chesire, I. J., Kodero, H. M. N.; Mulambula, S. M. (Kenyan Journal of Guidance, Counselling and Psychology, 2013)

The prevalence of disclosure of HIV status to HIV-infected children in Western Kenya - Turissini, Matthew L; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Samuel O. Ayaya; Irene Marete; ann Mwangi; Chemboi, Victor; Warui, Lucy; Vreeman, Rachel C. (Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2013)

{THE PREVALENCE OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG SEXUALLY ABUSED CHILDREN AT KENYATTA NATIONAL HOSPITAL IN NAIROBI, KENYA.} - Ombok, C A; Obondo, A; Kangethe, R; Atwoli, L. (2013)

Prevention of HIV-AIDS: Paradigm Shift in Three Decades - Kiaritha, N. (A Journal of Catholic University of East Africa, 2013)

Production of jet fuel from vegetable oil - Anil Kumar; S.L. Kiambi (Moi University, 2013)

The Protective Role of Optimism and Self-esteem on Depressive Symptom Pathways Among Canadian Aboriginal Youth - Ames, M. E.; Rawana, J. S.; Gentile, P.; Morgan, A. S. (2013)

Providing Reproductive Health Module Within HIV Care and Treatment Centre in Kenya. - Mosol, P, RJ Kosgei, H Mabeya, J Sitienei, T Sum, D Chelagat, R Namaloba, P Braitstein, and A Siika. (2013)

Provision of human rights information to rural women in Nandi South District, Kenya - Mang'ira, Roselyne; Kiplang'at, Joseph; Ojiambo, Joseph B (Innovation: journal of appropriate librarianship and information work in Southern Africa, 2013)

Psychological influences in the curriculum decision making process - Syomwene, A.; Kitainge, K.; Mwaka, M. (Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org, 2013)

Qualitative and Quantitative Growth in University Education in Kenya. - Kiaritha, N.,; Waiganjo, M. (A Journal of Catholic University of East Africa, 2013)

Quality of life of patients with vitiligo attending the Regional Dermatology Training Center in Northern Tanzania - Kiprono, Samson; Chaula, Baraka; Makwaya, Cyprian; Naafs, Bernard; Masenga, John (International journal of dermatology, 2013)

Radiograph patterns of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in relation to CD4 Levels In Hiv-Positive Adults at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital - Kipkemboi, Daniel (Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya, 2013)

The Relation between Physical Activity and Indicators of Body Fatness in Kenyan Adolescents - "Ojiambo, RM"; "Magutah, K"; "Thairu, K"; "Takahashi, R"; "Wilunda, C" (J. Appl Med Sci,, 2013)

Relationship between occupational factors, individual characteristics and burnout levels of student affairs personnel in public and private universities in Kenya - Adeli, Scholastic Nangila (Egerton University, 2013)

Relationship between Technical and Vocational Acquired Skills and Skills Required in Job Market; Evidence from TVET Institutions, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya - Murgor, Titus Kiptoo (Journal of Education and Practice, 2013)

REPORT ON ALCOHOL, DRUGS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG PERSONS WITH DISABILITY IN NAIROBI, COAST AND CENTRAL REGIONS KENYA - Kathungu, Beatrice; Mwaura, Lydia W; Wambugu, Beth (NACADA, 2013)

Reproductive strategies of the larval parasitoid Microplitis croceipes - Makatiani, Jacqueline Kubochi; Bruce, Anani Yaovi; Schulthess, Fritz; Takasu, Keiji (Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 2013)

A retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal mortality at a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya - Yego, F., Stewart Williams, J., Byles, J., Nyongesa, P., Aruasa, W., DEste, C. (2013)

A retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal mortality at a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya - Yego, Faith; Williams, Jennifer Stewart; Byles, Julie; Nyongesa, Paul; Aruasa, Wilson; D'Este, Catherine (Reproductive health, 2013)

A retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal mortality at a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya (Reproductive health, 2013)

A retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal mortality at a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya - Yego, Faith; Williams, Jennifer Stewart; Byles, Julie; Nyongesa, Paul; Aruasa, Wilson; D'Este, Catherine (Reproductive health, 2013)

A Review of Students’ Understanding of Mathematical Concepts of Arithmetic Operations in Eldoret Municipality, Kenya; Submitted for publication in Research Journal in Organizational Psychology and Educational Studies - E.C. Mulwa (2013)

The Right to Access Water in Rural Communities in South Africa - Okubasu, DM (University of Venda, University of Virginia Joint International Inter disciplinary Symposium on Sustainable Water Access in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2013)

Risk factors associated with maternal mortality in a tertiary hospital in Kenya - Yego, F., DEste, C., Byles, J., Stewart Williams, J., Nyongesa, P. (2013)

The role of Age in Attitude Formation towardscGender Role Stereotypes among Secondary school Students, A case of Bomet District,Kenya. - Korir, D.K.; Laigong,B.C. (Journal of Emerging Trends in Education Research and Policy Studies. (JETERAPS), 2013)

The Role of the Language of Mathematics in Students’ Understanding of Number Concepts in Eldoret Municipality, Kenya - E.C. Mulwa (International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2013)

Role of the Sponsor in Public Secondary School Administration and Management in Kenya: A Case Study of Kakamega County, Kenya - Lugulu, Joyce (Journal of African Studies in Educational Management and Leadership, 2013)

The role of women in the conservation of the Kakamega forest, Kenya: A feminist perspective - Omare, Simon; Kiyiapi, Lucy; Kamaara, Eunice (Theologies and cultures, 2013)

ROLES OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT ON ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN HOTELS WITHIN MOMBASA – KENYA - Mbitha, AB (2013)

Screening for tuberculosis in pregnancy: do we need more than a symptom screen? Experience from western Kenya. - Kosgei, RJ, D Szkwarko, Steven Callens, P Gichangi, Marleen Temmerman, AB Kihara, JJ Sitienei, EJ Cheserem, PM Ndavi, and AJ Rei (2013)

Seasonality effects on Trends of Domestic and International Tourism: A case of Nairobi National Park, Kenya.‘ - Manono, George; Rotich, Dorothy; others (Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2013)

Secondary Breakthrough. History and Government Form 4 - Obura, M.; N. Agumba (Moran Publishers, 2013)

Sexual reproductive health service provision to young people in Kenya; health service providers' experiences - Godia, P. M.; Olenja, J. M.; Lavussa, J. A.; Quinney, D.; Hofman, J. J.; Broek, N. (BMC Health Serv Res, 2013)

Shoe Shine Entrepreneurs Social Responsibility Practices on Loyalty in Eldoret Town, Kenya - Matelong K. Nebert; David, Sergon C; Tuwei J. Gloria; Irene, Cheptumo J (International Journal of Business and Management, 2013)

Sickle Cell Disease and HIV: A Case Highlighting Management Challenges for Children in a Resource-Limited Setting - Odera, EB; Kwoba, C; G. Stone; FF Some; Vreeman, R.C. (Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care, 2013)

Skill variety, feedback and employee performance: A case of Moi teaching and referral hospital Eldoret - Kemboi, Ambrose; Biwott, Geoffrey; Chenuos, Nehemiah; Rutto, Augustine (European Journal of Business and Management, 2013)

Social acceptability and perceived impact of a community-led cash transfer programme in Zimbabwe - Skovdal, M.; Mushati, P.; Robertson, L.; Munyati, S.; Sherr, L.; Nyamukapa, C.; Gregson, S. (BMC Public Health, 2013)

The Social Sciences and Humanities in Africa: Which Way Forward? - Kipsang, Stanley (International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2013)

Socio-cultural and economic factors influencing women involvement in the production and supply of cultural tourism products: A case of Katangi women basket weavers in Yatta-Machakos, Kenya - Matiku S.M. (Tourism Management, 2013)

Socio-economic link between poverty, environment and tourism around protected areas: A case study of communities adjacent to Ruma National Park, Kenya - P.M. Masila; Wishitemi, B.E.L.; Ipara, Hellen; Kiage, E.O.; Kimanzi, Johnstone; Schulz, R.N. (African Journal of Tourism and Hospitality, 2013)

Spectral theory of higher order difference operators - Behncke, Horst; Nyamwala, Fredrick Oluoch (Journal of Difference Equations and Applications, 2013)

Steerage, slavery, and shipboard insurrections - Nyaoro, Charles Dulo (The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, 2013)

Strategic Speech Acts in the Discourse of Bargaining - Obuchi, Samuel M. (Baraton Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2013)

Street children's vulnerability to HIV and sexually transmitted infections in Malawian cities - Mandalazi, P.; Banda, C.; Umar, E. (Malawi Med J, 2013)

Street children's vulnerability to HIV and sexually transmitted infections in Malawian cities - Mandalazi, P.; Banda, C.; Umar, E. (Malawi Med J, 2013)

Study of Croton megalocarpus oil as a potential biodiesel feedstock for Kenya, its characterization and transesterification to produce fatty acid methyl ester - Anil Kumar; Saul S Namango; Henry K Kiriamiti (Moi University, 2013)

{Substance use among inmates at the Eldoret prison in Western Kenya} - Kinyanjui, D.W.C.; Atwoli, L. (BMC Psychiatry, 2013)
Background: Criminal activity and social problems are recognized as important outcomes of substance use and abuse. Little research has been carried out on substance use among prison inmates in Kenya. General population surveys that have examined drug use usually omit this 'hidden' population which may offer insight into drug related morbidity and invaluable preventive measures. This study is set out to determine the lifetime prevalence and factors associated with substance use, including the most frequently used substances, among inmates at a government prison in Western Kenya.Methods: Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study, using the WHO model questionnaire and an additional drug use and effects questionnaire among prisoners at the Eldoret Government of Kenya (GK) prison, Kenya.Setting: Study was carried out at the Eldoret G.K. prison, with a population of 1325 (1200 males and 125 females) inmates.Subjects: Three hundred and ninety five prisoners, who gave consent, were selected, consisting of 271 males (68.6{%}) selected by simple random sampling, and 124 females (31.4{%}) enrolled consecutively due to their small number. The mean age was 33.3 years (18-72, s.d. 9.8) while the mean number of years of formal education was 8.4 (0-15, s.d. 3.4).Results: Lifetime prevalence of substance use was 66.1{%}, while that of alcohol use was 65.1{%}. Both were significantly associated with male gender, urban residence and higher level of education. The lifetime prevalence of cigarette use was 32.7{%} while 22.5{%} admitted to chewing tobacco. Factors significantly associated with tobacco use were male gender, urban residence, being unmarried, younger age, lack of income in the past year. The prevalence of cannabis use was 21{%}, and this was associated with male gender, urban residence, being unmarried, and being a student in the past year. Other substances used included amphetamines (9.4{%}), volatile inhalants (9.1{%}), sedatives (3.8{%}), tranquillizers (2.3{%}), cocaine (2.3{%}), and heroine (1.3{%}). Users were commonly introduced to the habit by friends (70.8{%}), immediate family members (13.7{%}) and other close relatives (6.2{%}). Among those who reported lifetime substance use the common reasons attributed to the habit were the need to relax (26.5{%}), relieve stress (24.5{%}) and confidence to commit a crime (4.5{%}). Majority of those who reported alcohol use were already suffering ill effects.Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of substance use among prisoners at the Eldoret G.K. prison. The increased morbidity and unpleasant psychosocial consequences of this habit suggest a need for establishment of substance use management programmes in Kenyan prisons. © 2013 Kinyanjui and Atwoli; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

A systematic review of the application and utility of geographical information systems for exploring disease-disease relationships in paediatric global health research: the case of anaemia and malaria - Aimone, Ashley Mariko; Perumal, Nandita; Cole, Donald C (International journal of health geographics, 2013)

Taking Stock of the Ethical Foundations of International Health Research: Pragmatic Lessons from the IU–Moi Academic Research Ethics Partnership - Meslin, Eric M.; Edwin Were; Ayuku, David (Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013)
It is a sine qua non that research and health care provided in international settings raise profound ethical questions when different cultural and political values are implicated. Yet ironically, as international health research expands and as research on ethical issues in international health research broadens and deepens, we appear to have moved away from discussing the moral foundations of these activities. For international health research to thrive and lead to the kind of benefits it is capable of, it is helpful to occasionally revisit the foundational premises that justify the enterprise as a whole. We draw on the experience of the Indiana University–Moi University Academic Research Ethics Partnership, an innovative bioethics training program co-located in Indianapolis and Eldoret, Kenya to highlight the changing nature of ethical issues in international health research and the ongoing practical challenges.

The teaching of oral communication skills in the English curriculum in primary schools in Kenya - Syomwene, A. (European Scientific Journal, 2013)

Think this Way: How Zimbabweans Adopt, Hold and Express their Political Ideologies - Okubasu D, (Oxford Human Rights Hub, 2013)

Tourism Development in Developing Countries. A Case Study of Mombasa Resort in Kenya - Akama, J.S.; Kieti, D.M. (In Akama, J. S. eds. TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA: Critical issues, challenges and alternatives in the new millennium, 2013)

Tourist Expenditures and its Implication on Tourism Enterprises. A Focus on the Kenyan Coast - Cheloti, M.I. (Utafiti Foundation, 2013)

Training Needs Assessment; A solution for effective Hotel Employee Training Outcomes in Kenya. African Journal of Tourism and Hospitality. - Burugu, R.; Korir, M; Kipsat, M (2013)

{Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in South Africa: Analysis from the South African Stress and Health Study} - Atwoli, L.; Stein, D. J.; Williams, D.R.; McLaughlin, K. A.; Petukhova, M.; Kessler, R. C.; Koenen, K.C. (BMC Psychiatry, 2013)
Background: South Africa's unique history, characterised by apartheid, a form of constitutional racial segregation and exploitation, and a long period of political violence and state-sponsored oppression ending only in 1994, suggests a high level of trauma exposure in the general population. The aim of this study was to document the epidemiology of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the South African general population.Methods: The South African Stress and Health Study is a nationally representative survey of South African adults using the WHO's Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess exposure to trauma and presence of DSM-IV mental disorders.Results: The most common traumatic events were the unexpected death of a loved one and witnessing trauma occurring to others. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of PTSD were 2.3{%} and 0.7{%} respectively, while the conditional prevalence of PTSD after trauma exposure was 3.5{%}. PTSD conditional risk after trauma exposure and probability of chronicity after PTSD onset were both highest for witnessing trauma. Socio-demographic factors such as sex, age and education were largely unrelated to PTSD risk.Conclusions: The occurrence of trauma and PTSD in South Africa is not distributed according to the socio-demographic factors or trauma types observed in other countries. The dominant role of witnessing in contributing to PTSD may reflect the public settings of trauma exposure in South Africa and highlight the importance of political and social context in shaping the epidemiology of PTSD. © 2013 Atwoli et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Keywords: South Africa; Trau; [Posttraumatic stress disorder

{Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in South Africa: analysis from the South African Stress and Health Study.} - Atwoli, Lukoye; Stein, Dan J; Williams, David R.; McLaughlin, Katie A; Petukhova, Maria; Kessler, Ronald C.; Koenen, Karestan C (BMC psychiatry, 2013)
BACKGROUND: South Africa's unique history, characterised by apartheid, a form of constitutional racial segregation and exploitation, and a long period of political violence and state-sponsored oppression ending only in 1994, suggests a high level of trauma exposure in the general population. The aim of this study was to document the epidemiology of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the South African general population.$\backslash$n$\backslash$nMETHODS: The South African Stress and Health Study is a nationally representative survey of South African adults using the WHO's Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) to assess exposure to trauma and presence of DSM-IV mental disorders.$\backslash$n$\backslash$nRESULTS: The most common traumatic events were the unexpected death of a loved one and witnessing trauma occurring to others. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of PTSD were 2.3{%} and 0.7{%} respectively, while the conditional prevalence of PTSD after trauma exposure was 3.5{%}. PTSD conditional risk after trauma exposure and probability of chronicity after PTSD onset were both highest for witnessing trauma. Socio-demographic factors such as sex, age and education were largely unrelated to PTSD risk.$\backslash$n$\backslash$nCONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of trauma and PTSD in South Africa is not distributed according to the socio-demographic factors or trauma types observed in other countries. The dominant role of witnessing in contributing to PTSD may reflect the public settings of trauma exposure in South Africa and highlight the importance of political and social context in shaping the epidemiology of PTSD.
Keywords: 80 and over; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disord; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Life Change Events; Male; Middle Aged; Post-Traumatic; Post-Traumatic: diagnosis; Post-Traumatic: epidemiology; Prevalence; Psychological; Psychological: epidemiology; South Africa; South Africa: epidemiology; Stress; Stress Disorders; Violence; Violence: statistics {&} numerical data; War

Tuberculosis in antiretroviral treatment programs in lower income countries: availability and use of diagnostics and screening - Fenner, Lukas; Ballif, Marie; Graber, Claire; Nhandu, Venerandah; Claude Dusingize, Jean; Cortes, Claudia P; Carriquiry, Gabriela; Anastos, Kathryn; Garone, Daniela; Jong, Eefje; others (PloS one, 2013)

Understanding research - Serem, DK; Boit, JM; Wanyama, MN (A Simplified Form. Utafiti Foundation. Eldoret, Kenya, 2013)

Understanding research: A simplified form - Serem, DK; Boit, JM; Wanyama, MN (Eldoret: Utafiti foundation, 2013)

University medical students’ attitude towards sports participation: The place of sports in counselling - Chesire, I.J. (Saarbrucken, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2013)

University medical students’ attitude towards sports participation: The place of sports in counselling - Chesire, I.J. (Saarbrucken, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2013)

Use of information communication technologies in education and training of undergraduate library and information science students in two selected Kenyan universities - Makori, Elisha Ondieki; Odini, Cephas; Ojiambo, Joseph Bernard (Library Review, 2013)

Use of Textual Materials and Teaching Learning Activities by Teachers of English in Eldoret Municipality, Kenya (Education Research Journal, 2013)

Vyombo vya Habari na Mawasiliano katika Uendelezaji wa Kiswahili - Obuchi, Samuel M. (Ukuzaji wa Kiswahili, 2013)

Webuye health and demographic surveillance systems baseline survey of soil-transmitted helminths and intestinal protozoa among children up to five years - Obala, AA; Simiyu, CJ; Odhiambo, DO; Nanyu, V; Chege, P; Downing, R; Mwaliko, E; Mwangi, AW; D. Menya; Chelagat, D; others (Journal of tropical medicine, 2013)

Wildlife-based tourism, ecology and sustainability of protected areas in Kenya - Korir, Jacqueline; Muchiri, Justus; Kamwea, James (Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2013)

Wilms tumor survival in Kenya - Axt, Jason; Abdallah, Fatmah; Axt, Meridith; Githanga, Jessie; Hansen, Erik; Lessan, Joel; Li, Ming; Musimbi, Joyce; Mwachiro, Michael; Newton, Mark; others (Journal of pediatric surgery, 2013)

Women Education for Social, Economic and Political Development in Kenya - Yungungu M.A; Mulinge P; Ogolla B.O (African Journal of Education, Science and Technology (AJEST) (ISSN: 2309-9240) Volume 1(2) pp 153-157, 2013)

World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (JAMA, 2013)

(untitled) - Bank, T. W. (2012)

29Designing and Developing an ICT - David K. Kessio; James K. Boi; John M. Boit (Knowledge Management for Industrial Innovation and Development, 2012)

Academic Exposure to Benefits of Physical Fitness Does Not Give Medical Students an Edge over Students from Non-Health-Related Disciplines. - "Magutah, K"; "Takahashi, R"; "Wilunda, C" (J Appl Med Sci,, 2012)

Acquisition and Utilization of ICT Skills among University students in Sub-Sahara Africa: A Case of Universities in Kenya. - Ayiro P. L. (Sage open line journal. Journal of continuing open and Distance Education, 2012)

Acral peeling skin syndrome in two East-African siblings: case report - Masenga, John E; Naafs, Bernard; Chaula, Baraka M; Kiprono, Samson K (2012)

Acral peeling skin syndrome in two East-African siblings: case report - Kiprono, Samson K; Chaula, Baraka M; Naafs, Bernard; Masenga, John E (BMC dermatology, 2012)

Ageing and Old Age. Social Dimensions and Experiences from Kenya. - Jamin R M Masinde (Lambert Academic Publishing, 2012)

An analysis of agribusiness support projects contribution on coffee production in Machakos county-Kenya﻿ - Mutua, Martin Ambrose; Kioko, Faith Mumo; Mwangi, Cecilia Nyambura; Ireri, Anthony Muriithi; Mwaniki, Elizabeth W; Wambugu, Stephen K; Kimaru, Serah Wairimu; Akaranga, Stephen I; Ongong’a, Jude J; Kung’u, John; others (2012)

An analysis of intelligence tests used for human resource recruitment and placement by consultancy firms in Kenya - Maragia, S. N.; Kimani, C. G.; Ogoma, S. O.; Wambua, B. K. (Kenya Journal of Education Planning, Economics & Management, 2012)

An analysis of the challenges facing cultural tourism development in Kenya. - Rotich, Dorothy; others (Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2012)

Antiretroviral drug adherence by HIV infected children attending Kericho District Hospital, Kenya - Langat, NT; Odero, W; Gatongi, P (East African journal of public health, 2012)

Assessment of farmers’ adaptation to the effects of climate change in Kenya: the case of Kyuso District - SI Ng’ang’a; H. K. Ndambiri; C. Ritho; S. G. Mbogoh; E. J. Muiruri; P. M. Nyangweso; Kipsat, MJ; Ogada, J.O.; P.I. Omboto; C. Kefa; P.C. Kubowon; F.H. Cherotwo (Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2012)

ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS COMPONENTS AS PREDICTION FACTORS OF LONG JUMP PERFORMANCE - Ngetich, Eric DK; Rintaugu, Elijah G (2012)

Assessment of quality of hospitality education in Kenya - Dorothy Rotich, Dorothy; Sawe, Josphat Belsoy; Akgul, Kamile (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2012)

Assessment of quality of hospitality education in Kenya - Rotich, Dorothy; Sawe, Josphat Belsoy; Akgül, Kamile (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2012)

Being homeless: Reasons and challenges faced by affected women. - E Rotich, I Mbai, I Marete, F Yego, MB Veny, BA Lelong (African Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 2012)

Beta-diketone and beta-ketoenamine based molecular squares - Cherutoi, Jackson Kiplagat (The Department of Chemistry, 2012)

Beyond school inputs and resources: an assessment of the effects of subsidies on educational outputs in Kenya - Kosgei, Zachariah Kiptoo (Moi University, 2012)

Book review: Rethinking Ethnicity: Arguments and Explorations - Ogutu, James N (Sage Publications Sage UK: London, England, 2012)

Breeding and development of dairy goats: eastern Africa experience - Ogola, T. D. O.; IS Kosgey (Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2012)

Career aspirations: Personality types – Major determining factors. A study of the relationships between personality types and career aspirations among Kenyan students in high schools - Ngala, P. S.; Mulambula, S.; Ogoma, S. O. (Deutschland: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG, 2012)

A case of a dermoid cyst compressing the airway - Garcia-Rodriguez, Laura R; Pawar, Sachin; Michel, Michelle A; Campbell, Bruce H (WMJ, 2012)

Cervical Cancer treatment for operable in a low-resource contemporary setting. - Carolyn Lynch; Elkanah Omenge Orang'o; Peter Itsura; Hellen Muliro; G. Delpriore; Barry Rosen; Sierra Washington; Mathew R. Strother (Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012)

Challenges and lessons learned conducting a study to determine the causes of death in Hiv-infected Africans on antiretroviral therapy - Chumba, DK; Buziba, NG; Ayikukwei, R; Mwangi, AW; Smith, J; Kosgei, P; Maulid, I; Sang, E.; Kenina, K; Wools-Kaloustian, KK; others (Histopathology, 2012)

Challenges faced in implementing free primary education for pastoralists in Kenya - Serem, David; Ronoh, Richard Kipngeno (Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 2012)