A field study in the status and threats of cultivation in Kimana and Ilchalai swamps in Amboseli dispersal area, Kenya - Okello, Moses Makonjio; Kioko, John M; others (Natural Resources, 2011)

First-principle calculations of the bulk properties of 4d transition metal carbides and nitrides in the rocksalt, zincblende and wurtzite structures - KK Korir, GO Amolo, NW Makau, DP Joubert (Diamond and related materials, 2011)
Bulk properties and stability of the entire series of group 4d transition metal carbides and nitrides are reported in this work. The theoretical calculations were carried out within Local Density Approximation and Generalized Gradient Approximation using the Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof exchange correlation functional. The generalized gradient approximation predictions were found to be closer to experimental values than the local density approximation predictions. In particular, LDA predictions were found to overestimate bulk moduli properties by as much as 5.6–11.5% while equilibrium lattice constants were found to be underestimated by as much as 0.2–5% compared to experimental values. On the other hand, GGA calculations were found to overestimate the lattice parameters by 0.2–6.9%, while underestimating the bulk moduli by as much as 0.07–5%. Out of the carbides considered, TcC and RuC were found to have the highest values of bulk moduli while YC and CdC had the lowest. Similarly, out of the nitrides, MoN and TcN were found to exhibit the largest bulk moduli, indicating that they were the hardest, while CdN had the lowest value and hence relatively softer. Overall, the nitrides presented higher values of bulk moduli than the carbides, an observation that is well supported by their correspondingly shorter bondlengths. The cohesive and structural properties of the 4d transition metal carbides and nitrides are also reported.

Food security and nutritional outcomes among urban poor orphans in Nairobi, Kenya - Kimani-Murage, E. W.; Holding, P. A.; Fotso, J. C.; Ezeh, A.; Madise, N.; Kahurani, E.; Zulu, E. (J Urban Health, 2011)

Foucaultian and Feminist Thought through Narrative. ISBN 978 3 8443 1393 2 - Opondo, Rose A (2011)

From diffusion to dialogic space: FM radio stations in Kenya - Odhiambo, Christopher Joseph (Radio in Africa: Publics, Cultures, Communities, 2011)

Gender and Religion in the African Context: The Bible as a Source of Gender Parity - Elias Ngetich (Engaging Patriarchy: Challenges and Responsibilities for Educators and Policy Makers in Kenya, 2011)

Gender aspect in adoption of commercial poultry production among peri-urban farmers in Kericho Municipality, Kenya - Vincent, Ngeno; Langat, BK; Rop, Wendi; Kipsat, MJ (Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 2011)

Global Network Investigators. Epidemiology of stillbirth in low-middle income countries: a Global Network Study - McClure, E.; Pasha, O.; Goudar, S. S. (Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand., 2011)

„Head teachers‟ perceptions towards implementation of performance contracts‟ - Too, C; Makokha, M; Mutai, V; Chepkwony, K (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

High rate human immunodeficiency virus infection among suspected Tuberculosis cases in western - Nyamagoba; H.D.N Mbuthia; Obel M. C (African journal of Health sciences, 2011)

Historical Injustices and Ethnic Conflicts in the Rift Valley: The case of the Nandi - Tanui, P. T.; Arusei, E. (International Journal of Arts and Education, 2011)

History teaching in Kenyan secondary school, for peace, reconciliation and national integration - Chang’ach, John Koskey (David publishing, 2011)

HIV infection and sexual risk behaviour among youth who have experienced orphanhood: systematic review and meta-analysis - Operario, D.; Underhill, K.; Chuong, C.; Cluver, L. (J Int AIDS Soc, 2011)

HIV knowledge and sexual risk behavior among street adolescents in rehabilitation centres in Kinshasa; DRC: gender differences - Mudingayi, A.; Lutala, P.; Mupenda, B. (Pan Afr Med J., 2011)

HIV knowledge and sexual risk behavior among street adolescents in rehabilitation centres in Kinshasa; DRC: gender differences - Mudingayi, A.; Lutala, P.; Mupenda, B. (Pan Afr Med J, 2011)

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the Third World - P W Saula; G P Hadley (Tropical Doctor, 2011)
The relative rarity of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) in the developing world makes its diagnosis a challenge to many physicians. This study audits the management of HPS at a tertiary hospital in South Africa, with a view to defining its regional pattern. This is a retrospective review of records of all patients (n = 63) managed for HPS over an eight-year period (2002–2010). The mean age at presentation was 6.2 weeks and the male/female ratio was 6:1. The majority of patients presented with non-bilious vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound had a sensitivity of 65% and 81.3% when the criteria of pyloric muscle thickness >4 mm and pyloric channel length >16 mm were used, respectively. The overall complication rate was 14.3% and the mortality rate was 0%. Despite the rarity of HPS in the Third World, the outcome of its management is favourable. However, the sensitivity of abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing HPS is low.

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in the third world - P W Saula; G P Hadley (Tropical doctor, 2011)

Identity and the New Communication Technologies: Evidence from Kenya - Ogechi, Nathan Oyori; Bosire-Ogechi, Emily (Cultural Identity and New Communication Technologies: Political, Ethnic and Ideological Implications, 2011)

The immune modulating properties and safety of plant sterol and sterolin formulation in early HIV infection. - K Patel, Rotich J (Egypt J Lab Medicine, 2011)

The Impact of Consulting on Small Businesses: An Examination of Small Businesses in Eldoret Town, Kenya. - Ogada, J.O.; B. N. Uluma (In Encorder. ISSN 1991-6280, 2011)

The Impact of Forest Resources on Communities around Forests in Kenya - Chesire, M. Aiyabei (VDM. Saarbrucken. ISBN 978-3-639-33013-7, 2011)

The Impact of Free Primary Education on Performance of Teaching Stakeholders in Public Schools in Kenya: A Case of Public Primary Schools in Bungoma East District - Kipchirchir, Micah; Moses M. Mutiso; Kemboi, Lydia K; Michael .A. Chesire (International Journal of Current Research (IJCR), 2011)

Impact of ICT on Service Delivery in the Hospitality Industry (Case study of Selected Hotels in North Coast Mombasa) - Mbitha, AB (ATLAS conference, 2011)

Impact of integrated family planning and HIV care services on contraceptive use and pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cohort study - Kosgei, Rose J; Lubano, Kizito M; Shen, Changyu; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara K; Musick, Beverly S; Siika, Abraham M; Hillary Mabeya; Carter, E Jane; ann Mwangi; Kiarie, James (Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2011)

IMPACT OF IRON FORTIFICATION ON MALARIA INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY IN GHANAIAN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN - Zlotkin, S; Newton, S; Aimone, A; Amenga-Etego, S; Tchum, K; Azindow, I; Owusu-Agyei, S (AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2011)

Impact of Iron fortification on malaria incidence in Ghanaian children - Zlotkin, Stanley; Newton, Sam; Aimone, Ashley M; Amenga-Etego, Seeba; Tchum, Kofi; Azindow, Irene; Owusu-Agyei, Seth (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2011)

Impact of Star Rating on Hotel Services (Case study of Hotels in Mombasa) - Mbitha, AB (Annual International Conference, Moi University, 2011)

Implementation and Operational Research: Impact of Integrated Family Planning and HIV Care Services on Contraceptive Use and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study - Kosgei, R.J.; Lubano, KM; Shen, C.; Wools-Kaloustian, KK; Musick, BS; Siika, A.M.; Mabeya, H.; Carter, EJ; Mwangi, A.; Kiarie, J (JAIDS-HAGERSTOWN MD-, 2011)

Improvement plan, challenges and lessons learnt at Moi University - Nangulu A., Shitemi N., Egesah O.B. (Guide for the Promotion of the Quality Culture in East-African Universities: AfriQ’ Units, 2011)

Influence of Father-Absence and Socioeconomic Status on Locus of Control and Academic Performance of Secondary School Students in Kenya - Okero, R. (Educational Journal of Behavioural Science, 2011)

The influence of the family on adolescent sexual behavior: The case of HIV/AIDS - Masita Edna N. (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2011)

Information flow in a concurrent engineering lab and the tools that enable it - Karpati, Gabriel; Panek, John; Polacek, George; Campbell, Bruce; Avnet, Mark (AIAA SPACE 2011 Conference & Exposition, 2011)

Institutional and organizational frameworks for dairy and beef cattle recording in Kenya: a review and opportunities for improvement - IS Kosgey; Mbuku, S. M.; AM Okeyo; Amimo, J.; Philipsson, J.; Ojango, J.M. (Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 2011)

Institutional and organizational frameworks for dairy and beef cattle recording in Kenya: a review and opportunities for improvement - IS Kosgey; Mbuku, S. M.; AM Okeyo; Amimo, J.; Philipsson, J.; Ojango, J.M. (Animal Genetic Resources/Ressources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 2011)

Institutional and organizational frameworks for dairy and beef cattle recording in Kenya: a review and opportunities for improvement - IS Kosgey; Mbuku, S. M.; AM Okeyo; Amimo, J.; Philipsson, J.; Ojango, J.M. (Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales, 2011)

Instrumented drop weight impact on cotton, cotton/flax and cotton/glass composites - Wambua, Paul M.; Rajesh Anandjiwala (International Review of Mechanical Engineering, 2011)

Integrating ICT into the Management of Medical Records at Uasin Gishu District Hospital, Eldoret - Kisongwo M.; Maseh E. (Journal of Technology and Socio-Economic Development, 2011)

Journalists and the Rule of Law - Nyamboga, E (ICJ (Kenya), 2011)

Kenya opent data project - Kod, P. (Government of Kenya, 2011)

La dermatopathologie au Regional Dermatology Training Centre (RDTC) dans le Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzanie–un résumé 2006–2010 - Beltraminelli, H; Kiprono, S; Grossmann, H; Masenga, J (Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie, 2011)

Leaching of potassium from cotton husk for production of liquid soap - A. Kumar; S.L. Kiambi; H.K. Kiriamiti (Moi University, 2011)

The Link between University Counselling Services and Students’ Needs - Okero, R. (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

Literacy and development; a case study of Kenya with special reference to Jack Goody - OGUTU J. N. (Themes in Language, Literature and Education in Kenya, 2011)

Modeling the RTD of an industrial overflow ball mill as a function of load volume and slurry concentration - Makokha, Augustine B; Moys, Michael H; Bwalya, Mulenga M (Minerals Engineering, 2011)

Mohammed Musa Dambam, Ahmed YahyaMaikudi, BasseyEffiong, EdetIkpi, EtukUdofia, Amir Khan, Umaira Ansari, Noor Ansari, Candyce Hamel Male responsibility and maternal morbidity: a cross-sectional study in two Nigerian states - Andersson, N.; Omer, K.; Caldwell, D. (BMC Health Serv Res., 2011)

Moi University improvement action report: examinations: - A. Nangulu; K. Sure; Egesah,O.B.; Maithya, H.; Wahome, M.; J. Mwaruvie (Guide for the Promotion of the Quality Culture in East-African Universities: AfriQ’ Units, 2011)

Moi University improvement action report: examinations: in Guide for the Promotion of the Quality Culture in East-African Universities - A. Nangulu; N. Shitemi; K. Sure; J.M. Masinde; H. Egesa; O.B.Maithya; M.Wahome; J. Mwaruvie (University of Alicante, AfriQ’ Units, 2011)

Morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children admitted at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya - Nyandiko, W.; Mwangi, AW; Sang, E.; Vreeman, R.; I. Marete; E. Nabakwe; C. Tenge; Gisore, P.; J. Songok; J. Kiplagat; others (East African Medical Journal, 2011)

Morbidity and Mortality in HIV-infected children admitted to Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya. - W Nyandiko, AW Mwangi, E Sang, R Vreeman, I Marete, E Nabakwe, C Tenge, P Gisore, J Songok, J Kiplagat, A Walumbe,; S. Ayaya. (East African Medical Journal, 2011)

Natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites and nanocomposites for automotive applications - Njuguna, James; Paul Wambua; Pielichowski, Krzysztof; Kayvantash, Kambiz (Cellulose fibers: bio-and nano-polymer composites, 2011)

North-South knowledge sharing on incentive-based conditional cash transfer programs - Aber LaR, L. G. (2011)

Occurrence of African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV) and East African cassava mosaic virus–Uganda (EACMV-UG) in Jatropha curcas - Ramkat, Rose; Calari, Alberto; Maghuly, Fatemeh; Laimer, Margit (BMC proceedings, 2011)

Optimisation of breeding schemes for litter size, lambing interval, body weight and parasite resistance for sheep in Kenya - Verbeek, Else; Kanis, Egbert; Bett, Rawlynce C; Isaac S. Kosgey (2011)

Optimisation of breeding schemes for litter size, lambing interval, body weight and parasite resistance for sheep in Kenya - Verbeek, Else; Kanis, Egbert; Bett, Rawlynce C; Isaac S. Kosgey (2011)

An overview of suicidal behaviour in Africa - Atwoli, L. (Contemporary Psychiatry in Africa, 2011)

An overview of suicidal behaviour in Africa - Atwoli, L. (Contemporary Psychiatry in Africa, 2011)

The pattern of interstitial lung disease as seen by high resolution computerized Tomography. A cross-sectional study carried out at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi Hospital and MP Shah Hospital - Waigwa, Mary N (University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2011)

Perceptions of primary school teachers and pupils on adequacy of HIV/AIDS life skills education in Nairobi and Thika districts, Kenya - Githinji, F; Chang’ach, John Koskey (International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2011)

The Perceptions of the Role of Principals in Traditional and Outcome- Based School Environment. - D.K., Serem (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

The plight of the Kenyan able school misfit. - Ogoma, S. O. (12th Biennial Conference of the International Association of Special Education, 2011)

Postcards from Taon - Tom Michael Mboya (Postcolonial Text, 2011)

Postoperative Pain Management: Clinicians’ Knowledge and Practices on Assessment and Measurement at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital. - Kituyi, WP; Imbaya, KK; Wambani, JO; Sisenda, TM; R T Kuremu (East and Central African Journal of Surgery, 2011)

Pregnancy and the University Female Student:The Role of Peer Counselling in Mitigating Challenges and Problems. - Kangethe,S.,Njoka,J.N.,Karani,A.,Onditi, E. (Kenya Nursing Journal, 2011, Vol 40, No 1;14, 2011)

The prevalence of Dental caries and the consumption of cariogenic foods in primary school going children in a rural area of Uasin Gishu district-Kenya. - Okemwa KA, P Gatongi PM, Rotich JK. (2011)

Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions involving antiretroviral drugs in a large Kenyan cohort - Kigen, Gabriel; Kimaiyo, Sylvester; Nyandiko, Winstone; Faragher, Brian; Edwin Sang; Jakait, Beatrice; Owen, Andrew; Back, David; Gibbons, Sara; Seden, Kay; others (PloS one, 2011)

Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions involving antiretroviral drugs in a large Kenyan cohort - Kigen, G; Kimaiyo, S.; Nyandiko, W.; Faragher, B; Sang, E.; Jakait, B.; Owen, A; Back, D.; Gibbons, S.; Seden, K.; Khoo, SH (PLoS ONE, 2011)
BACKGROUND: Clinically significant drug-drug interactions (CSDIs) involving antiretrovirals are frequent and under-recognized in developed countries, but data are lacking for developing countries. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To investigate the prevalence of CSDIs between antiretrovirals and coadministered drugs, we surveyed prescriptions dispensed in a large HIV clinic in Kenya. Of 1040 consecutive patients screened, 996 were eligible for inclusion. CSDIs were defined as 'major' (capable of causing severe or permanent damage, contraindicated, avoid or not recommended by the manufacturer, or requiring dose modification) or 'moderate' (manufacturers advise caution, or close monitoring, or capable of causing clinical deterioration). A total of 334 patients (33.5%) were at risk for a CSDI, potentially lowering antiretroviral drug concentrations in 120 (12%) patients. Major interactions most frequently involved rifampicin (12.4%, mostly with efavirenz) and azoles (2.7%) whereas moderate interactions were frequently azoles (13%), steroids (11%), and antimalarials (3%). Multivariable analyses suggested that patients at risk for CSDIs had lower CD4 counts (P = 0.006) and baseline weight (P = 0.023) and WHO Stage 3 or 4 disease (P<=0.007). Risk for CSDIs was not associated with particular regimens, although only 116 (11.6%) patients were receiving WHO second line regimens. CONCLUSIONS: One in three patients receiving antiretrovirals in our programme were at risk of CSDIs. Strategies need to be urgently developed to avoid important drug interactions, to identify early markers of toxicity and to manage unavoidable interactions safely in order to reduce risk of harm, and to maximize the effectiveness of mass antiretroviral deployment in Africa. <!--=0.007). Risk for CSDIs was not associated with particular regimens, although only 116 (11.6%) patients were receiving WHO second line regimens. CONCLUSIONS: One in three patients receiving antiretrovirals in our programme were at risk of CSDIs. Strategies need to be urgently developed to avoid important drug interactions, to identify early markers of toxicity and to manage unavoidable interactions safely in order to reduce risk of harm, and to maximize the effectiveness of mass antiretroviral deployment in Africa.</div-->
Keywords: Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents/ administration & dosage/therapeutic use; Cohort Studies; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions/ physiology; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/ epidemiology; Female; HIV Infections/ drug therapy/epidemiology; Humans; Kenya; Male; Middle Aged; Polypharmacy; Prevalence; Sample Size; Young Adult

{Prevalence of substance use among college students in Eldoret, western Kenya} - Atwoli, L.; Mungla, P.A.; Ndung'u, M.N.; Kinoti, K.C.; Ogot, E.M. (BMC Psychiatry, 2011)
Background: Substance use among college and university students predicts substance related problems in later life. Few studies on this phenomenon have been carried out in low income countries, and most focus on primary and secondary school students. This study therefore aimed to establish the prevalence and factors associated with drug use among university and college students in a low income country.Methods: Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey using the Self-Administered WHO Model Core Questionnaire to collect information on use of various drugs among students in colleges and university campuses within Eldoret Municipality in Western Kenya. Setting: Four tertiary learning institutions in Eldoret Municipality were randomly selected for inclusion in the study- three tertiary level non-university institutions and one university campus. Subjects: Five hundred students who gave consent to participate in the study, 125 from each of the four participating institutions. The mean age was 22.9 years (18-32, s.d. 2.5), and males made up 52.2{%} of the sample.Results: Lifetime prevalence rate of any substance use was 69.8{%}, and none of the socio-demographic factors was significantly associated with this. Lifetime prevalence rate of alcohol use was 51.9{%}, and 97.6{%} of alcohol users had consumed alcohol in the week prior to the study. The prevalence rate of cigarette use was 42.8{%}, with males having statistically significantly higher rates than females (p {<} 0.05). Other substances used were cannabis (2{%}) and cocaine (0.6{%}). Among those who admitted to using substances, 75.1{%} were introduced by a friend while 23.5{%} were introduced by a relative other than a member of the nuclear family. Majority of those using substances wanted to relax (62.2{%}) or relieve stress (60.8{%}). Problems associated with alcohol use included quarrelling and fights, loss and damage to property, problems with parents, medical problems and unplanned unprotected sex.Conclusion: The prevalence of substance use among college and university students in Eldoret is high and causes significant physical and psychosocial problems in this population. A large proportion of those using alcohol reported serious adverse effects, raising the necessity of targeted interventions to reduce the risk of subsequent substance dependence and other deleterious consequences. © 2011 Atwoli et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Prevalence of substance use among college students in Eldoret, western Kenya - Lukoye Atwoli.; Prisca A Mungla.; Moses N Ndung'u.; Kiende C Kinoti.; Evans M Ogot. (2011)
Background Substance use among college and university students predicts substance related problems in later life. Few studies on this phenomenon have been carried out in low income countries, and most focus on primary and secondary school students. This study therefore aimed to establish the prevalence and factors associated with drug use among university and college students in a low income country. Methods Design: A descriptive cross-sectional survey using the Self-Administered WHO Model Core Questionnaire to collect information on use of various drugs among students in colleges and university campuses within Eldoret Municipality in Western Kenya. Setting: Four tertiary learning institutions in Eldoret Municipality were randomly selected for inclusion in the study- three tertiary level non-university institutions and one university campus. Subjects: Five hundred students who gave consent to participate in the study, 125 from each of the four participating institutions. The mean age was 22.9 years (18-32, s.d. 2.5), and males made up 52.2% of the sample. Results Lifetime prevalence rate of any substance use was 69.8%, and none of the socio-demographic factors was significantly associated with this. Lifetime prevalence rate of alcohol use was 51.9%, and 97.6% of alcohol users had consumed alcohol in the week prior to the study. The prevalence rate of cigarette use was 42.8%, with males having statistically significantly higher rates than females (p < 0.05). Other substances used were cannabis (2%) and cocaine (0.6%). Among those who admitted to using substances, 75.1% were introduced by a friend while 23.5% were introduced by a relative other than a member of the nuclear family. Majority of those using substances wanted to relax (62.2%) or relieve stress (60.8%). Problems associated with alcohol use included quarrelling and fights, loss and damage to property, problems with parents, medical problems and unplanned unprotected sex. Conclusion The prevalence of substance use among college and university students in Eldoret is high and causes significant physical and psychosocial problems in this population. A large proportion of those using alcohol reported serious adverse effects, raising the necessity of targeted interventions to reduce the risk of subsequent substance dependence and other deleterious consequences.

Project Integration Services and their contribution to successful implementation of projects for the realization of millennium development goals: A survey of on-going CDF projects in Eldoret North constituency - Rutto, Richard; Kungu, David M; Chesire, Michael (International Journal of Current Research (IJCR), 2011)

Promoting healthy behaviours and improving health outcomes in low and middle income countries: a review of the impact of conditional cash transfer programmes - Ranganathan, M.; Lagarde, M. (Prev Med, 2011)

Proposed ICT-enabled services model for local authorities in Kenya - Ochieng, Dennis; David Gichoya; Odini, Cephas (2011 IST-Africa Conference Proceedings, 2011)

Protocol Development for Ovarian Cancer Treatment in Kenya A Brief Report - Lynn Sterling; Luc van Lonkhuijzen; Job Nyangena; Elkanah Omenge Orang'o; Matthew Robert Strother; Nafthali Busakhala; Barry Rosen (International Journal of Gynecological Cancer, 2011)

PTE Revision Kit. Social Studies - A. Okoth; N. Agumba (2011)

Quality Audit on Diagnosis of Preeclampsia at the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital - Chelagat D.; Rotich E.; Kirop E.; Ongeso A.; Wanyonyi M.; Kiilu J.; Mwanzia L.; Otsyula B.O; Were E. (Kenya Nurses Journal, 2011)

The Quality of Health Care provided to Orphaned Children under Foster Care in Kibera Slums in Kenya - Mary, Sala A (Kenya Journal of Health Science, Nairobi. Kenya., 2011)

Reduced renal function is associated with progression to AIDS but not with overall mortality in HIV-infected kenyan adults not initially requiring combination antiretroviral therapy - Gupta, Samir K.; Owino-Ong'or, Willis; Shen, Changyu; Musick, Beverly; Goldman, Mitchell; Wools-Kaloustian, Kara (Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2011)

Reflections on Political and Governance Systemsin Kenya - Kipsang, S; Chepkuto, PK (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

Report on the external evaluation of the study program- gender studies and development Master of Arts, Moi University - A. Nangulu; N. Shitemi; J. Kahiga; Egesah,O.B.; S. Limo (Guide for the Promotion of the Quality Culture in East-African Universities: AfriQ’ Units, 2011)

Report on the external evaluation of the study programmegender studies and development Masters of Arts, Moi University: In Guide for the Promotion of the Quality Culture in East-African Universities: AfriQ’ - A. Nangulu; N. Shitemi; J.M. Masinde; J. Egesa; S. Limo; O.B.Kahiga (University of Alicante, AfriQ’ Units, 2011)

Residents decision-making in tourism at Sitatungas swampy habitat: Saiwa National Park, Kenya - Vincent, Ngeno; Wendi, Rop; Langat, B; Korir, MK; Kipsat, MJ (Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics, 2011)

Restoration of anal sphincter tone by graciloplasty: a report of five cases - Khainga, SO; Tenge, RK; Kituyi, PW (East African Medical Journal, 2011)

A Review of Preforms for the Composites Industry - Paul Wambua; Rajesh Anandjiwala (Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2011)

Review of the book JENKINS Richard. RETHINKING ETHNICITY – Arguments and Explorations (Second Edition). London, UK: Sage Publications, 2008VIII + 207 pp. ISBN 978-1-4129-3583-8 (pbk) - OGUTU J. N. (Discourse and Society, 2011)

The Right to Keep and Bear Arms in Northern Kenya - Okubasu D, (Moi University, 2011)

RISK-RATED ECONOMIC VALUES FOR TRAITS OF MEAT SHEEP IN SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN THE TROPICS - Gicheha, M.G.; IS Kosgey (Animal Production Society of Kenya, 2011)

RISK-RATED ECONOMIC VALUES FOR TRAITS OF MEAT SHEEP IN SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTION SYSTEM IN THE TROPICS - Gicheha, M.G.; IS Kosgey (Animal Production Society of Kenya, 2011)

Role of Low-Frequency HIV-1 Variants in Failure of Nevirapine-Containing Antiviral Therapy in Women Previously Exposed to Single Dose Nevirapine - Boltz, V.F.; Zheng, Y.; Lockman, S.; Hong, F.; Halvas, E.K.; McIntyre, J.A.; Currier, J.S.; Chibowa, M.C.; Kanyama, C.; Nair, A.; Owino-Ong’or, W.; MDHughes, J.M.Coffin; et al. (Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA, 2011)

The Role of Women in Rural Development. In Working with Rural Communities: Participatory Action Research in Kenya - Jamin R M Masinde (Nairobi University Press, 2011)

Rooting inquiry in tradition: the health baraza as a tool for social research in Kenya - Naanyu, V; Sidle, J. E.; Frankel, R. M.; Ayuku, D.; Nyandiko, W.M.; Inui, T. S. (Qual Health Res, 2011)

Rooting inquiry in tradition: the health baraza as a tool for social research in Kenya - Violet Naanyu; Sidle, John E.; Richard M. Frankel; Ayuku, David; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Thomas S. Inui (Qualitative Health Research, 2011)

Rooting Inquiry in Tradition: The Health Baraza as a Tool for Social Research in Kenya - Violet Naanyu; Sidle, John E.; Richard M. Frankel; Ayuku, David; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Thomas S. Inui (Qualitative Health Research, 2011)
The baraza is a customary form of community assembly in East Africa. We examined the use of the health baraza as a process that can improve data collection and deepen community understanding of sociocultural issues surrounding HIV/AIDS. In the evaluation of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)—Academic Model for Prevention and Treatment of HIV/AIDS Partnership (USAID—AMPATH) in Kenya, investigators facilitated mabaraza (the plural of baraza) to gather information of relevance to program success, improvement, and community collaboration. Seven mabaraza were held at local health facilities. Mabaraza rapidly evoked essential information for the USAID—AMPATH program and facilitated vibrant discussion of themes that were of interest to local communities. Mabaraza combined individual and community outlooks, producing emic understanding of the program’s meaning to local populations. The baraza assemblage is a promising technique for applied sociology, participatory research, and program evaluation.

Rural-urban interlink and sustainability of urban centres in Kenya: a case of Malaba Town - Leonard, Mulongo Simiyu; Kerre, Patrick M; Boniface, Erute E (Journal of US-China Public Administration, 2011)

The salient characteristics of trained ineffective teachers in secondary schools in Kenya - Kodero, Hezborn MN; Misigo, Bernard L; Owino, Elizabeth A; Simiyu, Catherine K (Sage Open, 2011)

Secondary Break Through. History and Government. Form 1 - Obura, M.; M.N. Agumba (Moran Publishers, 2011)

Self Organizing Maps: Applications and Novel Algorithm Design - Josphat Igadwa Mwasiagi (BoD–Books on Demand, 2011)

Social determinants of small ruminant genotypes kept by the Gabbra and Rendille Pastoralists of Northern Kenya - Tura, I; IS Kosgey; Aboud, AA; Kaufmann, B; others (The Asian Journal of Animal Science (June, 2011), 2011)

A Social Psychology Perspective of The Post Election Violence In Kenya - Kimani, Chege G; Mutiso, M.M; Kodero, H.M.N.; Chesire, A. M (International Journal of Current Research (IJCR), 2011)

Structure Conduct and Performance of honey Marketing in West Pokot District Kenya. - R. Kosgei; Sulo T.; W. Chepng'eno (European Journal of Management, 2011)

Student Mobility and Regional Integration in East African Public Universities; Challenges and Prospects - J. K. Chang'ach; J. Jowi; A. K. Kandie (Moi University 7th Annual International Conference, 2011)

Student’s Perception of Discipline and Authority: A case of Secondary Schools in Taita-Taveta, Kenya - Okero, R. (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

Students’ Perception on the Role of Head Teacher in Implementation of Girls’ Re-admission policy in Kenya - Omulako, EJ; Kosgei, Z; Kurgat, J; Saina, S (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

Sustainable Rural Agricultural Development: Role of Bilateral Organizations in Agriculture in Elgeyo-Marakwet County - Beru, MK (VDM Verlag Dr. Muller GmbH and Co. KG. ISBN 978- 3- 639- 37658- 6., 2011)

Symptom screen: diagnostic usefulness in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected pregnant women in Kenya - Kosgei, R.J.; Ndavi, P Muia; Ong'ech, JO; Abuya, J.M.; Siika, A.M.; Wools-Kaloustian, K.; Mabeya, H.; Fojo, T.; Mwangi, A.; Reid, T.; others (Public health action, 2011)

“Synthesis of Phenylethylthiazolyl Thiourea Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.” - Alfred Wangusi Odongo,; Zacchaeus R. Kipkorir ((Moi University 7 th Annual International Conference, 2011)

TEACHERS’TRAINING, TERMS OF SERVICE A FRAMEWORK IN BUNGO - Muyoka, Wangila Violet (2011)

Technical efficiency among the bulrush millet producers in Kenya - Vincent, Ngeno; Wendi, Rop; Langat, B; Ngeno, EK; Kipsat, MJ (African Journal of Business Management, 2011)

Timing of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis - Havlir, Diane V; Kendall, Michelle A; Ive, Prudence; Kumwenda, Johnstone; Swindells, Susan; Qasba, Sarojini S; Luetkemeyer, Anne F; Hogg, Evelyn; Rooney, James F; Wu, Xingye; others (New England Journal of Medicine, 2011)

Topic Control in the Market Discourse - Obuchi, Samuel M. (Baraton Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 2011)

Towards a culture of quality management at SASS, Moi University: Changing lecturers’ attitudes to student assessment/QM - Kamaara, Eunice Karanja (Challenges for faculty management at African higher education institutions, 2011)

TP53 Mutations as biomarkers in the molecular pathology of breast cancer in Kenyan patients. - K Patel, D Chumba, G martel (Egypt J Lab Medicine, 2011)

TP53 mutations, human papilloma virus DNA and inflammation markers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from the Rift Valley, a high-incidence area in Kenya - Patel, Kirtika; Mining, Simeon; Wakhisi, Johnston; Gheit, Tarik; Tommasino, Massimo; Martel-Planche, Ghislaine; Hainaut, Pierre; Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush (BMC research notes, 2011)

TP53 mutations, human papilloma virus DNA and inflammation markers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from the Rift Valley, a high-incidence area in Kenya - Patel, Kirtika; Mining, Simeon; Wakhisi, Johnston; Gheit, Tarik; Tommasino, Massimo; Martel-Planche, Ghislaine; Hainaut, Pierre; Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush (BMC research notes, 2011)

Transactional sex amongst AIDS-orphaned and AIDS-affected adolescents predicted by abuse and extreme poverty - Cluver, L.; Orkin, M.; Boyes, M.; Gardner, F.; Meinck, F. (J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr JAIDS, 2011)

Transitional Justice in Kenya: The Role of the Youth for Sustainable Peace - Okubasu D, (Moi University-Indiana University International Symposium on Peace, 2011)

Treatment outcomes of a Stage 1 cognitive-behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected outpatients in western Kenya - Papas, Rebecca K.; Sidle, John E.; Gakinya, Benson N.; Baliddawa, Joyce B.; Martino, Steve; Mwaniki, Michael M.; Songole, Rogers; Omolo, Otieno E.; Kamanda, Allan M.; Ayuku, David O.; others (Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2011)

Treatment outcomes of a stage 1 cognitive-behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected out-patients in western Kenya - Papas, Rebecca K.; Sidle, John E.; Gakinya, Benson N.; Baliddawa, Joyce B.; Martino, Steve; Mwaniki, Michael M.; Songole, Rogers; Omolo, Otieno E.; Kamanda, Allan M.; Ayuku, David O.; Ojwang, Claris; Owino-Ong'or, Willis D.; et al. (Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2011)
AIMS: Dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and alcohol use disorders, and a dearth of professional resources for behavioral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, suggest the need for development of culturally relevant and feasible interventions. The purpose of this study was to test the preliminary efficacy of a culturally adapted six-session gender-stratified group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered by paraprofessionals to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected out-patients in Eldoret, Kenya. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial comparing CBT against a usual care assessment-only control. SETTING: A large HIV out-patient clinic in Eldoret, Kenya, part of the Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare collaboration. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five HIV-infected out-patients who were antiretroviral (ARV)-initiated or ARV-eligible and who reported hazardous or binge drinking. MEASUREMENTS: Percentage of drinking days (PDD) and mean drinks per drinking days (DDD) measured continuously using the Time line Follow back method. FINDINGS: There were 299 ineligible and 102 eligible out-patients with 12 refusals. Effect sizes of the change in alcohol use since baseline between the two conditions at the 30-day follow-up were large [d=0.95, P=0.0002, mean difference=24.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.43, 37.43 PDD; d=0.76, P=0.002, mean difference=2.88, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.70 DDD]. Randomized participants attended 93% of the six CBT sessions offered. Reported alcohol abstinence at the 90-day follow-up was 69% (CBT) and 38% (usual care). Paraprofessional counselors achieved independent ratings of adherence and competence equivalent to college-educated therapists in the United States. Treatment effect sizes were comparable to alcohol intervention studies conducted in the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be adapted successfully to group paraprofessional delivery in Kenya and may be effective in reducing alcohol use among HIV-infected Kenyan out-patients.

Treatment outcomes of a stage 1 cognitive–behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected out-patients in western Kenya - Papas, Rebecca K.; Sidle, John E.; Gakinya, Benson N.; Baliddawa, Joyce B.; Martino, Steve; Mwaniki, Michael M.; Songole, Rogers; Omolo, Otieno E.; Kamanda, Allan M.; Ayuku, David O.; others (Addiction, 2011)

Treatment outcomes of a stage 1 cognitive–behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected out-patients in western Kenya - Papas, Rebecca K.; Sidle, John E.; Gakinya, Benson N.; Baliddawa, Joyce B.; Martino, Steve; Mwaniki, Michael M.; Songole, Rogers; Omolo, Otieno E.; Kamanda, Allan M.; Ayuku, David O.; others (Addiction, 2011)

Treatment outcomes of a stage 1 cognitive–behavioral trial to reduce alcohol use among human immunodeficiency virus-infected out-patients in western Kenya - Papas, Rebecca K.; Sidle, John E.; Gakinya, Benson N.; Baliddawa, Joyce B.; Martino, Steve; Mwaniki, Michael M.; Songole, Rogers; Omolo, Otieno E.; Kamanda, Allan M.; Ayuku, David O.; Ojwang, Claris; Owino-Ong'or, Willis D.; et al. (Addiction, 2011)
ABSTRACT Aims  Dual epidemics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and alcohol use disorders, and a dearth of professional resources for behavioral treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, suggest the need for development of culturally relevant and feasible interventions. The purpose of this study was to test the preliminary efficacy of a culturally adapted six-session gender-stratified group cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention delivered by paraprofessionals to reduce alcohol use among HIV-infected out-patients in Eldoret, Kenya. Design  Randomized clinical trial comparing CBT against a usual care assessment-only control. Setting  A large HIV out-patient clinic in Eldoret, Kenya, part of the Academic Model for Providing Access to Healthcare collaboration. Participants  Seventy-five HIV-infected out-patients who were antiretroviral (ARV)-initiated or ARV-eligible and who reported hazardous or binge drinking. Measurements  Percentage of drinking days (PDD) and mean drinks per drinking days (DDD) measured continuously using the Time line Follow back method. Findings  There were 299 ineligible and 102 eligible out-patients with 12 refusals. Effect sizes of the change in alcohol use since baseline between the two conditions at the 30-day follow-up were large [d = 0.95, P = 0.0002, mean difference = 24.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.43, 37.43 PDD; d = 0.76, P = 0.002, mean difference = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.70 DDD]. Randomized participants attended 93% of the six CBT sessions offered. Reported alcohol abstinence at the 90-day follow-up was 69% (CBT) and 38% (usual care). Paraprofessional counselors achieved independent ratings of adherence and competence equivalent to college-educated therapists in the United States. Treatment effect sizes were comparable to alcohol intervention studies conducted in the United States. Conclusions  Cognitive–behavioral therapy can be adapted successfully to group paraprofessional delivery in Kenya and may be effective in reducing alcohol use among HIV-infected Kenyan out-patients.
Keywords: alcohol; cognitive-behavioral therapy; HIV; Kenya; randomized clinical trial

Trends in the clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania between 2002 and 2009 - Geng, Elvin H; Hunt, Peter W; Diero, Lameck O; Kimaiyo, Sylvester; Somi, Geofrey R; Okong, Pius; Bangsberg, David R; Bwana, Mwebesa B; Cohen, Craig R; Otieno, Juliana A; others (Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2011)

Udogu, E. Ike. African Renaissance in the Millennium: The Political, Social and Economic Discourses on the Way Forward - Makana, Nicholas E (Journal of Third World Studies, 2011)

Understanding the attitudes of school leaders towards ICT integration in secondary education in the North Rift, Kenya - P.K. Mwei (Journal of Technology & Socio-Economic Development, 2011)

United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation and the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group. Neonatal mortality levels for 193 countries in 2009 with trends since 1990: a systematic analysis of progress, projections, and priorities - Oestergaard, M. Z.; Inoue, M.; Yoshida, S.; Mahanani, W. R.; Gore, F. M.; Cousens, S.; Lawn, J. E.; Mathers, C. D. (PLoS Med, 2011)

Use of combined paracetamol and low dose ketamine in pain control during change of dressings in burn patients - Werunga, KP; Khainga, SO; Musau, P; Emarah, M; Lumarai, L (East African Medical Journal, 2011)

The Vital Roles of Principal-ship in: Traditional and Outcome-Based Schools in Wyoming North Central Association High School - D.K., Serem (International Journal of Current Research, 2011)

Voluntary medical male circumcision: an introduction to the cost, impact, and challenges of accelerated scaling up - Hankins, C.; Forsythe, S.; Njeuhmeli, E. (PLoS Med., 2011)

Voluntary medical male circumcision: logistics, commodities, and waste management requirements for scale-up of services - Edgil, D.; Stankard, P.; Forsythe, S. (PLoS Med., 2011)

Voluntary medical male circumcision: modeling the impact and cost of expanding male circumcision for HIV prevention in eastern and southern Africa - Njeuhmeli, E.; Forsythe, S.; Reed, J. (PLoS Med., 2011)

Voluntary medical male circumcision: translating research into the rapid expansion of services in Kenya, 2008–2011 - Mwandi, Z.; Murphy, A.; Reed, J. (PLoS Med., 2011)

‘Wamepotea’(They have become lost): Outcomes of HIV-positive and HIV-exposed children lost to follow-up from a large HIV treatment program in western Kenya - Braitstein, Paula; Songok, Julia; Vreeman, R.; Wools-Kaloustian, K.; KOSKEI, PAMELA; Walusuna, Leahbell; Ayaya, Samwel; Nyandiko, Winstone; Yiannoutsos, Constantin (Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2011)

Widening Education Access: Its Implications and Challenges on School Facility Exploitation International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction Vol. 1 (1) - Ingubu, M; Wambua, B. K. (April, 2011)

Women and ICT Utilization: A Study of ICT Utilization by Women in Mumias Division, Kenya. - B. N. Uluma (LAP Lambert Publishers ISBN: 978-3-8465-4943-8, 2011)

Women's Life Worlds' In-Between' - Daniel, Antje; Fink, Katharina; Kroeker, Lena; Schütze, Jaana (2011)

World Research Summit for Tourism and Hospitality (2011)

“1-Benzyloxy-4-(2-nitroethenyl)benzene” - Zacchaeus R. Kipkorir,; Alan R. Kennedy,; Claire I. Muhanji; Maurice O. Okoth (Chemistry department, 2010)

“4-(Benzyloxy)benzaldehyde” - Zacchaeus R. Kipkorir; Alan R. Kennedy,; Claire I. Muhanji; Maurice O. Okoth (Chemistry department, 2010)

Acceptance of HIV testing for children ages 18 months to 13 years identified through voluntary, home-based HIV counseling and testing in western Kenya - Vreeman, Rachel C.; Nyandiko, Winstone M.; Braitstein, Paula; Were, Martin C; Ayaya, Samwel O; Ndege, Samson K; Wiehe, Sarah E (Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2010)

Accessibility and Equity in Education for Persons with Disabilities in Tertiary Institutions. - Kiaritha, N. (Management Digest: A Journal of the Kenya Institute of Management - School of Management, 2010)

Acid-Base Transesterification of Oil with High Free Fatty Acid Content - Anil Kumar; Valoyi, Redeem; Ochieng, Aoyi; Onyango, Maurice (Journal of Biofuels, 2010)

Adverse effects of Sudanese toombak vs. Swedish snuff on human oral cells - Costea, Daniela Elena; Lukandu, Ochiba; Bui, Linh; Ibrahim, Muna Jaffar M; Lygre, Raymond; Neppelberg, Evelyn; Ibrahim, Salah Osman; Vintermyr, Olav Karsten; Johannessen, Anne Christine (Journal of oral pathology & medicine, 2010)

An Analysis of Emotional Intelligence and the Performance of Principals in Selected Schools in Kenya. - Ayiro L.P. (Journal of Advances in Developing Human Resources, 2010)

Analysis of pepsin in tracheoesophageal puncture sites - Bock, Jonathan M; Brawley, Mary K; Johnston, Nikki; Samuels, Tina; Massey, Becky L; Campbell, Bruce H; Toohill, Robert J; Blumin, Joel H (Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology, 2010)

Anharmonic perturbation of neutron-proton pairs by the unpaired neutrons in heavy finite nuclei - Khanna, KM; Kanyeki, GF; Rotich, SK; Torongey, PK; Ameka, SE (CSIR, 2010)

Assessments of factors affecting effective use of Management Information Systems (MIS) in the Hotel and Tourism Industry in Kenya. Tourism, Tourists and Sustainable Development in Africa - Burugu, R.; Korir, J; Besloy, S; Bor, T; Sulo, T. (2010)

Book review: Georgeta Cislaru, Frédéric Pugnière-Saavedra and Frédérique Sitri (eds), Les Carnets du Cediscor, 10. Analyse de Discours et Demande Sociale: Le Cas des Écrits de Signalement. Paris: Presses Sorbonne Nouvelle, 2008. 180 pp. ISBN 978 2 8 - Ogutu, James N (Discourse Studies, 2010)

Cancer information sources used by patients to inform and influence treatment decisions - Walsh, Matthew C; Trentham-Dietz, Amy; Schroepfer, Tracy A; Reding, Douglas J; Campbell, Bruce; Foote, Mary L; Kaufman, Stephanie; Barrett, Morgan; Remington, Patrick L; Cleary, James F (Journal of health communication, 2010)

The Cediscor Diaries, 10. Discourse Analysis and Social Demand: The Case of a Written Reporting - Ogutu, James N (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND, 2010)

The challenges of using information communication technology (ICT) in school administration in Kenya - Menjo, David Kimeli; Boit, John Mugun (Journal of African Studies in Educational Management and Leadership, 2010)

Changes in the burden of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa - O'Meara, Wendy Prudhomme; Mangeni, Judith Nekesa; Steketee, Rick; Greenwood, Brian (The Lancet infectious diseases, 2010)

Characterisation of wild and cultured Oreochromis shiranus in Malawi. - Lewuantai, CS; Kassam, D; Maluwa, A; Kosgey, I; others (Second RUFORUM Biennial Regional Conference on" Building capacity for food security in Africa", Entebbe, Uganda, 20-24 September 2010, 2010)

Choosing the right school: Redefining performance in the contemporary Kenyan educational system - Mwaka, Marcella; Kegode, George; Kyalo, B (Journal of African Studies in Educational Management and Leadership, 2010)

“Communion of Shadows”,“The Return of the Rains, Mwanzo” and“Music Man” - Mboya, T.M. (Counterpoint and Other Poems, 2010)

Contraction of wildlife dispersal area in Olgulului–Ololorashi group ranch around Amboseli National Park, Kenya - Okello, Moses Makonjio; Kioko, John Masila (The Open Conservation Biology Journal, 2010)

Counterpoint and Other Poems. - Mboya, Tom M (Oxford University Press, 2010)

Cross-border bean market performance in Western Kenya and Eastern Uganda - Mauyo, Lianda Wanyonyi; Chianu, Jonas N; Nassiuma, Bernard Kibet; Musebe, Richard Onyango; others (Journal of Service Science and Management, 2010)

A cross-cultural comparison of psychological distress among individuals living with HIV in Atlanta, Georgia and Eldoret, Kenya. - Sacham, E.; Reece, M.; Ong’or, W.O.; Omolo, O.; Basta, T. (J Int Assoc Physicians in AIDS Care Chic III, 2010)

The Cultural-Historical activity theory: Implications of utilisation of Distance Education in higher education in Kenya - Syomwene, A.; Kitainge, K. M. (Management Digest: published by the Kenya Institute of management, 2010)

Dairy goat production practices in Kenya: Implications for a breeding programme - Ogola, T; Nguyo, W; Kosgey, I (Age, 2010)

Demographic and Health Survey, 2008-2009 (2010)

Determinants of Internet Adoption and Assimilation: Experiences of Kenyan University Libraries - Odero, D (VdmVerlag., 2010)

Determinants of Investor Confidence for Firms Listed at the nairobiStock Exchange - Kiplangat, AP; Bitok, JL; J. Tenai; Rono, L (Eldoret: Unpublished Moi University, 2010)

Differential Gender Access to Agricultural Resources in Kenya; Impact on Agricultural Production in Nandi District from 1954 to 2000, - Tanui, P (VDM Publishers., 2010)

Direct and maternal (co) variance components, genetic parameters and annual trends for growth traits of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya - Kariuki, C. M.; Ilatsia, Evans D.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)

Direct and maternal (co)variance components, genetic parameters and annual trends for growth traits of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya - Kariuki, C. M.; Ilatsia, Evans D.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for lamb growth traits for the Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using an animal model. Data on lamb growth performance were extracted from available performance records at the Sheep and Goats Station in Naivasha, Kenya. Growth traits considered were body weights at birth (BW0, kg), at 1 month (BW1, kg), at 2 months (BW2, kg), at weaning (WW, kg), at 6 months (BW6, kg), at 9 months (BW9, kg) and at yearling (YW, kg), average daily gain from birth to 6 months (ADG0–6, gm) and from 6 months to 1 year (ADG6–12, gm). Direct heritability estimates were, correspondingly, 0.18, 0.36, 0.32, 0.28, 0.21, 0.14, 0.29, 0.12 and 0.30 for BW0, BW1, BW2, WW, BW6, BW9, YW, ADG0–6 and ADG6–12. The corresponding maternal genetic heritability estimates for body weights up to 9 months were 0.16, 0.10, 0.10, 0.19, 0.21 and 0.18. Direct-maternal genetic correlations were negative and high ranging between -0.47 to -0.94. Negative genetic correlations were observed for ADG0–6–ADG6–12, BW2–ADG6–12, WW–ADG6–12 and BW6–ADG6–12. Phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.15 to 0.96. Maternal effects are important in the growth performance of the Dorper sheep though a negative correlation exists between direct and maternal genetic effects. The current study has provided important information on the extent of additive genetic variation in the existing flocks that could now be used in determining the merit of breeding rams and ewes for sale to the commercial flocks. The estimates provided would form the basis of designing breeding schemes for the Dorper sheep in Kenya. Implications of the study to future Dorper sheep breeding programmes are also discussed.

Direct and maternal (co)variance components, genetic parameters and annual trends for growth traits of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya - Kariuki, C. M.; Ilatsia, Evans D.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for lamb growth traits for the Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using an animal model. Data on lamb growth performance were extracted from available performance records at the Sheep and Goats Station in Naivasha, Kenya. Growth traits considered were body weights at birth (BW0, kg), at 1 month (BW1, kg), at 2 months (BW2, kg), at weaning (WW, kg), at 6 months (BW6, kg), at 9 months (BW9, kg) and at yearling (YW, kg), average daily gain from birth to 6 months (ADG0–6, gm) and from 6 months to 1 year (ADG6–12, gm). Direct heritability estimates were, correspondingly, 0.18, 0.36, 0.32, 0.28, 0.21, 0.14, 0.29, 0.12 and 0.30 for BW0, BW1, BW2, WW, BW6, BW9, YW, ADG0–6 and ADG6–12. The corresponding maternal genetic heritability estimates for body weights up to 9 months were 0.16, 0.10, 0.10, 0.19, 0.21 and 0.18. Direct-maternal genetic correlations were negative and high ranging between −0.47 to −0.94. Negative genetic correlations were observed for ADG0–6–ADG6–12, BW2–ADG6–12, WW–ADG6–12 and BW6–ADG6–12. Phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.15 to 0.96. Maternal effects are important in the growth performance of the Dorper sheep though a negative correlation exists between direct and maternal genetic effects. The current study has provided important information on the extent of additive genetic variation in the existing flocks that could now be used in determining the merit of breeding rams and ewes for sale to the commercial flocks. The estimates provided would form the basis of designing breeding schemes for the Dorper sheep in Kenya. Implications of the study to future Dorper sheep breeding programmes are also discussed.

Discourse in Interactional Contexts: A Case of Kiswahili - Obuchi, Samuel M. (VDM, Verlag-Germany, 2010)

Economic contribution and viability of dairy goats: implications for a breeding programme - Ogola, T. D. O.; Nguyo, W. K.; IS Kosgey (Tropical animal health and production, 2010)

Economic contribution and viability of dairy goats: implications for a breeding programme - Ogola, T. D. O.; Nguyo, W. K.; IS Kosgey (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
To augment the incomes of smallholder farmers in Kenya and consequently improve their nutrition and income, many development organisations and policy makers are increasingly promoting dairy goat farming. Among the key organisations supporting the initiative is Heifer Project International–-Kenya (HPIK). However, the economic contribution and viability of dairy goats under the HPIK project have not been studied so far. The aim of the present study was to determine the contribution of dairy goats to household income and the performance of the dairy goat enterprise using gross and net margins from dairy goat farming as an indicator of economic viability. A survey covering 71 farmers was carried out in the Coast, Nyanza, and the Rift Valley provinces of Kenya using a set of pre-tested structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Results showed that, on average, the dairy goat enterprise contributed, correspondingly, about 15.2{%} and 4.8{%} to the total livestock and overall household income and was viable. Differences in gross and net margins across agroecological zones were attributed to milk prices. Despite the existence of non-viable enterprises in two of the provinces, the few present suggest the possibility of obtaining reliable incomes from the enterprise. Redoubling of effort or re-orientation of production to match the local and external requirements would, however, be necessary. Costs and revenues were similar across the agroecological zones. Farmers with positive gross margins had better milk and stock sales and vice versa. The success of a dairy goat enterprise is attributed to location and good management. Besides, farmers’ awareness of the market demands within and outside the community is important in establishing production goals and may be crucial to achieving a positive gross margin.

Economic contribution and viability of dairy goats: implications for a breeding programme - Ogola, T. D. O.; Nguyo, W. K.; IS Kosgey (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
To augment the incomes of smallholder farmers in Kenya and consequently improve their nutrition and income, many development organisations and policy makers are increasingly promoting dairy goat farming. Among the key organisations supporting the initiative is Heifer Project International–-Kenya (HPIK). However, the economic contribution and viability of dairy goats under the HPIK project have not been studied so far. The aim of the present study was to determine the contribution of dairy goats to household income and the performance of the dairy goat enterprise using gross and net margins from dairy goat farming as an indicator of economic viability. A survey covering 71 farmers was carried out in the Coast, Nyanza, and the Rift Valley provinces of Kenya using a set of pre-tested structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Results showed that, on average, the dairy goat enterprise contributed, correspondingly, about 15.2{%} and 4.8{%} to the total livestock and overall household income and was viable. Differences in gross and net margins across agroecological zones were attributed to milk prices. Despite the existence of non-viable enterprises in two of the provinces, the few present suggest the possibility of obtaining reliable incomes from the enterprise. Redoubling of effort or re-orientation of production to match the local and external requirements would, however, be necessary. Costs and revenues were similar across the agroecological zones. Farmers with positive gross margins had better milk and stock sales and vice versa. The success of a dairy goat enterprise is attributed to location and good management. Besides, farmers' awareness of the market demands within and outside the community is important in establishing production goals and may be crucial to achieving a positive gross margin.

Economic evaluation for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya - Okeno, TO; IS Kosgey; Kahi, A.K. (Proceedings of the 9th world congress on genetics applied to livestock production, Leipzig, 2010)

Economic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya - Okeno, Tobias O.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical animal health and production, 2010)

Education leadership in a globalized economy: A Kenyan perspective. - Ayiro L.P.; Sang J. K (Journal for education science and technology, 2010)

Education leadership in a globalized economy: A Kenyan perspective - Ayiro, Laban P; Sang, James K Arap (International Journal of Science and Technology Education Research, 2010)

Education Mitigates Effects of Frontal Inhibitory Network Atrophy To Maintain Executive Function in Normal Elders - Mirsky, Jacob; Heuer, Hilary W; Jafari, Aria; Kramer, Joel; Viskontas, Indre; Miller, Bruce; Boxer, Adam (NEUROLOGY, 2010)

Effectiveness of Pastoral Programme Instruction in Management of Discipline in Primary Schools in Cheptiret zone, Uasin Gishu County, Kenya - Sally Jeruto Masai; Kiaritha, Njeri (People Matter: A Journal of Applied Psychology, 2010)

Effects of fatty acids on albumin-mediated cholesterol efflux from endothelial cells and on the growth of hamster pancreatic beta-cells - Tuei, Vivian Cherono ([Honolulu]:[University of Hawaii at Manoa],[December 2010], 2010)

Effects of fatty acids on the growth of beta-cells and on albumin-mediated cholesterol effflux from endothelial cells - Tuei, Vivian C; Ha, Ji-Sook; BHAGAVAN, NADHIPURAM V; Ha, Chung-Eun (The FASEB Journal, 2010)

Elastic scattering of 4 He atoms at the surface of liquid helium - Torongey, PK; Khanna, KM; Ayodo, YK; Sakwa, WT; G Kanyeki, F; T Ekai, R; N Kimengichi, R; Rotich, S. (NISCAIR-CSIR, India, 2010)

Elevating Transitional Local Justice or Crystallizing Global Governance - Okello, Moses Chrispus (Localizing Transitional Justice: Interventions and Priorities after Mass Violence, 2010)

{Emergency mental health and psychosocial support for survivors of post-election violence in Eldoret, Kenya.} - Atwoli, L. (East African medical journal, 2010)
To describe the design and delivery of emergency mental health and psychosocial support services for the survivors of Post-Election Violence in Eldoret, Kenya. A longitudinal intervention. The North Rift Valley region in Western Kenya. A total of 80,772 survivors received mental health and psychosocial support services. Counselling and Psychological First Aid services were successfully offered to most survivors in the North Rift Valley region. Common issues addressed included looking for lost relatives, sudden traumatic death of relatives, anger at their attackers, feelings of revenge, fear of seeing the corpse, loss of all property and source of livelihood and denial. It is possible and necessary to integrate a mental health and psychosocial support intervention into a disaster response even in limited resource settings. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach.

Ergonomics in the computer workstation - Karoney, Mercy Jelagat; Mburu, SK; Ndegwa, DW; Nyaichowa, AG; Odera, EB (East African Medical Journal, 2010)

Estimates of body composition in drug naive asymptomatic HIV-infected rural Kenyan women - Ernst, Judith A; Ettyang, Grace; Katschke, Adrian; Lewis, Brian; Neumann, Charlotte (2010)

Experience implementing electronic health records in three East African countries - William M. Tierney; Achieng, Marion; Baker, Elaine; Bell, April; Biondich, Paul; Braitstein, Paula; Kayiwa, Daniel; Kimaiyo, Sylvester; Mamlin, Burke; McKown, Brian; others (MEDINFO 2010, 2010)

Factors leading to domestic violence in low-income residential areas in Kenya: A case study of low-income residential areas in Kisumu City - Moses M. Mutiso; Samuel R. Chessa; Michael .A. Chesire; Lydia Kemboi (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies, 2010)

Factors Leading to Domestic Violence in Low-Income Residential Areas in Kenya: A Case Study of Low-income Residential Areas in Kisumu City - Moses M. Mutiso; Samuel R. Chessa; Michael .A. Chesire; Lydia Kemboi (Journal of Emerging Trends in Educational Research and Policy Studies (JETERAPS), 2010)

Factors that Contribute to Social Interaction in Congenitally Deafblind Children in Kenya. - Komen, Zipporah Jepkemboi (Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen). Groningen, 2010)

Food security among HIV-infected rural Kenyan women - Keverenge-Ettyang, Grace; Neumann, Charlotte; Ernst, Judith A (Global Livestock CRSP, UC Davis, 2010)

Forest Resource use on adjacent communities of Mau Forest Complex - P.I. Omboto (Lambert Academic Publishing Germany, 2010)

Foreword - Mboya, T.M. (Counterpoint and Other Poems, 2010)

GENDER, ACADEMIC PROGRAM AND EXPERIENCE IN LEARNING: AN ASSESSMENT OF STUDENTS''ATTITUDE TOWARDS PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) IN THE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, MOI UNIVERSITY, KENYA - Adeli, Scholastic Musakali (VDM Publishing, 2010)

Gender differences in self-efficacy and academic performance in science subjects among secondary school students in Lugari District, Kenya - Momanyi, John M; Ogoma, Shadrack O; Misigo, Bernard L (Educational Journal of Behavioral Science, 2010)

{General medical conditions among patients with mental illness.} - Atwoli, L. (East African medical journal, 2010)

Genetic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya - Okeno, Tobias O.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
A deterministic approach was used to compare breeding strategies utilizing local and imported semen for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya. The local selection programs considered were a closed progeny testing scheme (CPT) and a young bull system progeny of local bulls (PLB). The continuous semen importation (CSI) and young bull system progeny of imported bulls (PIB) were the strategies based on imports. The breeding strategies were compared on the basis of selection response. The effect of genetic correlation (rg) and initial differences in genetic merit between the two populations was also examined. The CSI and PIB strategies ranked above CPT by, correspondingly, 35.1{%} and 25.0{%} when the rg between Kenya and the USA was assumed to be one. At a rg of 0.58, imports from countries which are 1.50 standard deviation (SD) above the local population were superior to CPT but equal to PLB. This means that if CSI is to be used at a rg of 0.58, then only semen from countries which are >1.50SD should be imported. At a rg of 0.70 and with an initial genetic difference of 1.25SD, the economic responses in CSI and PLB were equal. This indicates that semen importation is only justified when genotype–environment interaction is >0.70. It is concluded that wholesale importation of semen as a means of achieving sustainable genetic progress in Kenya is a less optimal solution and there is the need for an effective local selection program.

Genetic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya - Okeno, Tobias O.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical animal health and production, 2010)

Genetic evaluation of breeding strategies for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya - Okeno, Tobias O.; Isaac S. Kosgey; Kahi, Alexander K. (Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2010)
A deterministic approach was used to compare breeding strategies utilizing local and imported semen for improvement of dairy cattle in Kenya. The local selection programs considered were a closed progeny testing scheme (CPT) and a young bull system progeny of local bulls (PLB). The continuous semen importation (CSI) and young bull system progeny of imported bulls (PIB) were the strategies based on imports. The breeding strategies were compared on the basis of selection response. The effect of genetic correlation (rg) and initial differences in genetic merit between the two populations was also examined. The CSI and PIB strategies ranked above CPT by, correspondingly, 35.1{%} and 25.0{%} when the rg between Kenya and the USA was assumed to be one. At a rg of 0.58, imports from countries which are 1.50 standard deviation (SD) above the local population were superior to CPT but equal to PLB. This means that if CSI is to be used at a rg of 0.58, then only semen from countries which are >1.50SD should be imported. At a rg of 0.70 and with an initial genetic difference of 1.25SD, the economic responses in CSI and PLB were equal. This indicates that semen importation is only justified when genotype–environment interaction is >0.70. It is concluded that wholesale importation of semen as a means of achieving sustainable genetic progress in Kenya is a less optimal solution and there is the need for an effective local selection program.

Genetic evaluation of growth of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using random regression models - Kariuki, C. M.; E.D. Ilatsia; C.B. Wasike; IS Kosgey; Kahi, A.K. (Small Ruminant Research, 2010)
Data consisting of 8922 weight records from 2642 Dorper sheep from 20 to 380 days of age spanning 1981–1996 were used to model the growth trajectory using random regression (RR) and estimate genetic parameters. The independent variables were orthogonal (Legendre) polynomials of age at weighing and orders of fit up to 3 were considered. Analyses were carried out fitting sets of RR coefficients due to direct and maternal additive genetic and environmental effects, and heterogeneous error variances. Direct additive genetic variance increased steadily along the trajectory from 0.9 at 20 days of age to 2.44 at 380 days of age. Maternal additive genetic variance increased steadily along the trajectory from 0.13 to 2.92. Direct permanent environmental effect variances increased steadily from a value of 0.66 at 20 days to 2.13 at 380 days of age. Maternal permanent environmental variances declined from 0.87 at 20 days of age to 0.01 at 200 days of age followed by an increase to 0.87 at 380 days. Direct genetic heritability estimates declined sharply from 0.13 at 20 days to 0.07 at 80 days of age then fluctuated thereafter. Maternal genetic heritability estimates increased along the trajectory up to 320 days of age after which it declined slightly. The genetic and phenotypic correlations decreased with increasing lag in time between the weights. The Dorper sheep growth was adequately modeled using RR models despite the limited data. This study has demonstrated the possibility of application of RR models for routine genetic evaluation of Dorper sheep in Kenya.
Keywords: Covariance functions; Dorper sheep; Genetic parameters; Growth; Random regression model

Genetic evaluation of growth of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using random regression models - Kariuki, C. M.; E.D. Ilatsia; C.B. Wasike; IS Kosgey; Kahi, A.K. (Small ruminant research, 2010)

Genetic evaluation of growth of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using random regression models - IS Kosgey; Kahi, A.K.; Kariuki, C. M.; E.D. Ilatsia; C.B. Wasike (ELSELVIER, 2010)

Genetic evaluation of growth of Dorper sheep in semi-arid Kenya using random regression models - Kariuki, C. M.; E.D. Ilatsia; C.B. Wasike; IS Kosgey; Kahi, A.K. (Small Ruminant Research, 2010)
Data consisting of 8922 weight records from 2642 Dorper sheep from 20 to 380 days of age spanning 1981–1996 were used to model the growth trajectory using random regression (RR) and estimate genetic parameters. The independent variables were orthogonal (Legendre) polynomials of age at weighing and orders of fit up to 3 were considered. Analyses were carried out fitting sets of RR coefficients due to direct and maternal additive genetic and environmental effects, and heterogeneous error variances. Direct additive genetic variance increased steadily along the trajectory from 0.9 at 20 days of age to 2.44 at 380 days of age. Maternal additive genetic variance increased steadily along the trajectory from 0.13 to 2.92. Direct permanent environmental effect variances increased steadily from a value of 0.66 at 20 days to 2.13 at 380 days of age. Maternal permanent environmental variances declined from 0.87 at 20 days of age to 0.01 at 200 days of age followed by an increase to 0.87 at 380 days. Direct genetic heritability estimates declined sharply from 0.13 at 20 days to 0.07 at 80 days of age then fluctuated thereafter. Maternal genetic heritability estimates increased along the trajectory up to 320 days of age after which it declined slightly. The genetic and phenotypic correlations decreased with increasing lag in time between the weights. The Dorper sheep growth was adequately modeled using RR models despite the limited data. This study has demonstrated the possibility of application of RR models for routine genetic evaluation of Dorper sheep in Kenya.
Keywords: Covariance functions; Dorper sheep; Genetic parameters; Growth; Random regression model

Genetic polymorphism of kappa-casein gene in indigenous Eastern Africa goat populations - Kiplagat, SK; Agaba, Morris; IS Kosgey; Okeyo, M; Indetie, D; Hanotte, O; Limo, MK (International Journal of Genetics and Molecular Biology, 2010)